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bubble migrated to the surface of the material and burst after the material had dried too much to flow into
the resulting hole.
pinion. A small gear that meshes with a larger gear, a sector of a gear, or a toothed rack.
pin jack (electrical connector). A single female connector that accepts and holds a small metal pin
attached to the end of a wire or a test lead. Pin jacks are used on test equipment to attach test leads to the
instrument.
pinked-edge fabric (aircraft fabric). Aircraft fabric having a series of small V-cuts along its edge made
by cutting the fabric with pinking shears. Pinked-edge fabric does not ravel.
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pinked-edge tape. Cloth tape whose edges have small V-shaped notches cut along their length. The pinked
edges prevent the tape from raveling.
pinking shears. Special fabric-cutting scissors that produce a series of small V-shaped notches where the
fabric is cut. These notches keep the edges of the fabric from raveling.
pin knot cluster. A group of knots, all having a diameter of less than approximately 1/16 inch.
pinouts (electronic circuit diagram). Identification of each of the external connections of an integrated
circuit chip.
pin punch. A long punch with straight sides. A pin punch can be passed through bolt holes in a piece of
equipment to temporarily hold its pieces together until they can be bolted. A pin punch can also be used to
drive bolts, rivets, or pins from tight-fitting holes.
pin spanner. A special type of wrench used to turn ring-shaped nuts. Thin, ring-shaped nuts are used on
cylinders and rods as mechanical stops and locking nuts. These nuts are turned with a pin spanner whose
pins fit into small holes in the outer circumference of the nut.
pint. A unit of liquid measurement. One pint is equal to 1/8 U.S. gallon, 28 7/8 cubic inches, or
approximately 4.73 x 10-4 cubic meters.
pip (cathode ray tube indication). The display of a received pulse on the screen of a cathode-ray tube. A
pip is also called a blip.
pipe threads. The type of thread cut on the outside of an iron or steel pipe. Pipe threads are tapered
approximately 1/16-inch to the inch to form a tight, leakproof seal when the pipe is screwed into a fitting or
coupling.
piston. A sliding plug in an actuating cylinder used to convert pressure into force and then into work.
piston (reciprocating engine component). A movable plug inside the cylinder of a reciprocating engine
that moves up and down to compress the fuel-air mixture and to transmit the force from the expanding
gases in the cylinder to the crankshaft. The piston is sealed in the cylinder by cast-iron piston rings and
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connected to the crankshaft through a connecting rod.
piston displacement (reciprocating engine specification). The total volume, in cubic inches, cubic
centimeters, or liters swept by all of the pistons of a reciprocating engine as they move in one revolution of
the crankshaft.
piston engine (heat engine type). One of the common terms used for a reciprocating engine.
piston pin (reciprocating engine component). The hardened and polished steel pin used to connect the
piston of a reciprocating engine to the connecting rod. Piston pins are also called wrist pins and gudgeon
pins.
piston rings (reciprocating engine component). Metal rings, usually made of cast iron, that fit into
grooves around the outside of a reciprocating-engine piston. Piston rings form a seal between the piston and
the cylinder wall to prevent the high-pressure air in the cylinder from leaking out.
piston-type pump (fluid pump). A mechanical pump which moves fluid by pistons moving back and forth
in the pump cylinders. In an axial-piston pump, the cylinders are arranged parallel to the pump axis, and in
a radial-piston pump, the cylinders radiate out perpendicular to the axis.
pit (corrosion). A pocket of chemical salts that forms on the surface of a metal when it corrodes.
pitch (aircraft maneuver). Rotation of an aircraft about its lateral axis.
pitch (rivet layout dimension). The distance between the centers of adjacent rivets installed in the same
row.
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pitch (thread dimension). The linear distance, measured parallel to the length of a threaded fastener,
between corresponding points on two adjacent threads.
pitch angle (helicopter rotor blade). The angle between the chord line of a rotor blade and the reference
plane of the main rotor hub, or the plane of rotation of the rotor.
pitch angle (propeller specification). The angle between the chord line of a propeller blade and the plane
　
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