Table III-2 Baseline Traffic Definitions
Figure III-4 Flight Crew/Controller Modeling Approach
Clear Air Turbulence Event
The only weather modeled in the experiment was CAT. The turbulence event was designed so as to be realistic and in conformance with the description provided in the literature on CAT climatology (Lester, 1993), to include various CAT profiles along planned aircraft routes, and to support the initiation of PIREPs within the sector modeled.
The CAT scenario consisted of a rapid onset of unforecast turbulence, over the zone of spatial distribution described in Figure III-5. Three distinct levels of turbulence are modeled: light, moderate, and severe turbulence. The severe turbulence zone is nested in a zone of moderate turbulence; and the moderate turbulence zone is nested in the light turbulence zone. The three zones of turbulence are shown in white within the Boston 46 sector boundaries (also shown in white). The spatial distribution of the CAT was chosen to feature various scenarios of penetration of turbulence levels, for aircraft along different routes of flight. More precisely, the routes affected by turbulence are indicated in Table III-3.
The sequence of events modeled in the experiment involved a turbulence onset that occurred as described below (times in hours:minutes):
t=0:00 to t=0:30: No turbulence
t=0:30 to t=0:45: Linear transition from no turbulence to the turbulence event described with the spatial distribution displayed in Figure III-5
t=0:45 to t=1:15: Turbulence event with the spatial distribution displayed in Figure III-5
t=1:15 to t=1:30: Linear decay of turbulence from the turbulence described in Figure III-5 to a no-turbulence event
t=1:30 to t=3:00: No turbulence
Figure III-5 Description of the Turbulence Zones
Table III-3 Levels of Turbulence Encountered along Routes
Route
Flight Level
Level of Turbulence
A
FL290
Light
A
FL310
Light, moderate and severe
A
FL330
Light, moderate and severe
A
FL350
Light and moderate
D
FL290
Light
D
FL310
Light, moderate and severe
D
FL330
Light, moderate and severe
D
FL350
Light and moderate
E
FL290-FL350
Light
F
FL290-FL350
Light
G
FL290-FL350
Light
CAT Event Responses
In the operational environment, the level of turbulence is disseminated according to the aircraft reaction to it, in terms of either “turbulence” or “chop” levels of specified durations (i.e., either “occasional”, “intermittent” or “continuous”), as specified in the Aeronautical Information Manual (FAA, 2000).
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