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Thorough and effective takeoff and approach / go-around briefing (refer to  the Flight Operations Briefing Note Conducting Effective Briefings);

Awareness of the altimeter setting unit in use at the destination airport, e.g. :

LFBO ( Toulouse Blagnac ) approach charts :

“ Alt Set : hPa ”,

Awareness of rapid QNH / QFE changes due to prevailing weather conditions  (i.e., extreme cold or warm fronts, steep frontal surfaces, semi-permanent or seasonal low pressure areas);

Awareness of the anticipated altimeter setting, using two independent sources for cross-check (e.g., METAR and ATIS messages);

Effective PF/PNF crosscheck and backup;

Adherence to SOPs for:

Sterile-cockpit rule during taxi, takeoff and descent-approach phases;

Change of barometric-altimeters setting in climb and descent, for example:

in climb: at the transition altitude; and,

in descent: when approaching the transition level and when cleared to  an altitude;

use of standby-altimeter to cross-check main altimeters;

altitude callouts (e.g., approach-fix crossing altitudes);

including the radio-altimeter in the instrument scan, when the radio-altimeter is “alive” (i.e., below 2500 ft RA);

radio-altimeter callouts; and,

setting the barometric-altimeter MDA(H) or DA(H) or the radio-altimeter DH.

Exercising extra vigilance and cross-check if QFE is used for approach and landing.

The following prevention strategies should be considered by air traffic controllers :
Limiting the number of instructions transmitted in a given message;

Indicating all the numbers and the unit defining the altimeter setting;

Adhering to the standard phraseology and pronunciation;

Adopting the accepted terminology “low” before a 28.XX in.Hg altimeter setting and “high” before a 30.XX in.Hg altimeter setting.

Associated Flight Operations Briefing Notes

The following Flight Operations Briefing Notes also refer to altimeter-setting and altitude issues: 
Operating Philosophy – SOPs

Conducting Effective Briefings

Effective Pilot / Controller Communications

Managing Interruptions and Distractions

Preventing Altitude Deviations

Regulatory References

ICAO Annex 3 – Meteorological Service for International Air navigation, Chapter 4.

ICAO Annex 5 – Units of Measurement to be used in Air and Ground Operations, Table 3-4, 3.2.

ICAO Annex 6 – Operations of Aircraft, Part I – International Commercial Air transport – Aeroplane, 6.9.1 c) and Appendix 2, 5.13.

ICAO Annex 6 – Procedures for Air Navigation Services – Rules of the Air and Air Traffic Services (PANS-RAC, Doc 4444).

ICAO – Procedures for Air navigation Services – Aircraft Operations (PANS-OPS, Doc 8168), Volume I – Flight procedures - Part VI – Altimeter Setting Procedures - Chapter 3 :
　
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