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Operating
Regulations
Qualified
Technical
Personnel
and
Training
Licensing,
Certification,
Authorisation
and Approval
Obligations
Resolution of
Safety
Concerns
Surveillance
Obligations
Technical Guidance,
Tools & provision
of Safety-
Critical
Info
State Aviation
System and
Safety Oversight
Functions
ESTABLISH
IMPLEMENT
ESTABLISH
IMPLEMENT
ICAO Model
The Eight Critical Elements of a State's Safety Oversight System
CE-6
CE-8
CE-7
CE-1
CE-2
CE-4
CE-5
CE-3
Primary
Aviation
Legislation
Specific
Operating
Regulations
Qualified
Technical
Personnel
and
Training
Licensing,
Certification,
Authorisation
and Approval
Obligations
Resolution of
Safety
Concerns
Surveillance
Obligations
Technical Guidance,
Tools & provision
of Safety-
Critical
Info
State Aviation
System and
Safety Oversight
Functions
ESTABLISH
IMPLEMENT
Skyway 51 - Spring 2009 39
usoap audit results
The graph below shows the level of
implementation of the eight critical
elements of the ICAO safety oversight
system for the 23 ECAC Member States
audited by USOAP between 2005 and
2008. It also compares the capability for
safety oversight of these States with the
average level in the world.
EUROCONTROL
participation in USOAP
The Memorandum of Cooperation (MoC)
signed on 17 March 2005 between
ICAO and EUROCONTROL regarding
safety oversight auditing ensures that
coordination takes place between both
organisations at working and programme
management levels. The EUROCONTROL
safety audits derive from the ESARR
Implementation Monitoring and Support
(ESIMS) Programme operated by the
Safety Regulation Commission (SRC).
They monitor the timely, uniform and
effective implementation of ESARRs
within the States’ legislative and regulatory
framework, giving full consideration
to their commitments under EC legislation
and the EUROCONTROL Convention.
Pursuant to Article 28 of the Chicago
Convention and the ESARRs, States
have the responsibility to ensure the safe
provision of ANS and to exercise due
diligence with regard to the safety oversight
of ANS provision.
Both ICAO and EUROCONTROL carry
out safety oversight audits in the 44
ECAC States. Under the MoC, ESIMS
and USOAP audit schedules are coordinated
to avoid overlaps and take full
advantage of the synergies between the
two programmes. It also makes it possible
to limit the impact on States of oversight
intervention in ATM and to capitalise on
the use of scarce auditing resources.
Currently, five EUROCONTROL ESIMS
auditors are certified ICAO safety oversight
auditors in the area of ANS.
Russia – the last State
audited in the icao eur
Region in 2008
The Russian Federation was subject to
a USOAP audit from 15 September to 1
October 2008. The ten members of the
audit team, working in eight areas linked
to 16 Annexes, faced a most challenging
experience in this immense nation with
its wide-ranging aviation activities and
traditions.
Russia, at 17,075,400 km², is the largest
country in the world, covering more
than an eighth of the Earth’s land area;
with 142 million people, it is the ninth
largest by population. It extends across
0
CE-1 CE-2 CE-3 CE-4 CE-5 CE-6 CE-7 CE-8
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Global: 58.08%
ECAC: 61.28%
ECAC States versus Global Safety Oversight Capability – 2008 situation
Focus
40
Review
the whole of northern Asia and 40% of
Europe, spanning 11 time zones and
incorporating a dazzling range of environments
and landforms.
Russian airspace encompasses 26
million km², a third of which is high
seas airspace. Within it, 1208 operators
utilise 564,000 km of airways,
the majority of which are international
transit routes for, among others, trans-
Siberian, transpolar and cross-polar
flights. The State annually issues
over 7,000 ATC licences and some
17,000 ATC ratings. In 2007 air traffic
increased by 13% compared to 2006
– international flights account for the
largest increase in traffic volumes since
　
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本文鏈接地址：Skyway Magazine Spring 2009(28)