曝光臺 注意防騙 網曝天貓店富美金盛家居專營店坑蒙拐騙欺詐消費者

of Air Traffic Management R&D for over 40 years. Ian Goold talks
to its Director to find out what its biggest challenges are
ecognising challenges facing regional Air Traffic
Management (ATM), the European Commission (EC) and
EUROCONTROL have launched the Single European Sky
(SES) ATM Research (SESAR) programme, aiming to increase
safety and capacity while reducing costs and environmental
impact. SESAR underlines capacity-limiting factors at airports,
highlights the lack of common architecture and recommends a
future system that treats airborne and ground systems as one.
“It is widely expected that by 2020, European ATM will have
evolved into a collaborative high-performance system,” says
EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre (EEC) Director Jan van
Doorn. “An ever-increasing number of eyes are turning to the
EEC to instigate and incubate much of the research on future
European ATM and related infrastructure.”
That research has five goals: heightened safety, increased
capacity, reduced delays, enhanced efficiency and minimised
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RESEARCH AND
DEVELOPMENT
environmental impact. The EEC will have a full role in maximising
growth benefits through co-ordinated efforts to innovate,
enhance capacity, protect the environment and develop people.
SESAR unites ATM ‘stakeholders’ in developing the ATM Master
Plan to support a sustainable future European Air Transport
system. The 40-year-experience of the EEC in ATM research and
development is seen as being crucial to SESAR by providing valid
input into the consortium’s overall deliberations.
SESAR will enable the implementation of the SES, which aims
to reduce fragmentation in European airspace. “R&D is geared
towards changing the system to match future technical,
environmental, operational and legislative demands,” says van
Doorn. “It will end today’s patchwork ATM and offer safe and
environmentally sustainable ‘solutions’.”
The Centre will actively contribute in the development of the
ATM Master Plan and will play a significant role in the first model
assessment of SESAR in the definition phase. Its work
programme will be re-evaluated and aligned with SESAR
definition-phase output and then performed within the
framework of the SESAR Joint Undertaking, which is expected to
be operational late 2007/early 2008.
Van Doorn sees Europe’s various research entities becoming
specialist centres of expertise with the EEC as a “natural
conductor [of the orchestra]” more involved in co-ordinating
and federating overall research. He is keen to encourage
increased investments in long-term R&D, saying that since costbenefit
analyses “mostly” span five to ten years, they can create
a negative image leading to reduced funding if much longer
aeronautical R&D timescales are involved. For example: “Datalink
research started in the 1980s but application has only just
started on a very limited scale. Traffic-alert and Collision-
Avoidance System (TCAS) R&D also pushed ahead in the 1980s
and has now finally been introduced in Europe.”
SESAR has concluded that current 2020 ATM objectives will
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constraints are understood and borne in mind. Activity has
included support for the Dynamic Management of the European
Airspace Network (DMEAN) programme designed to release
latent ATM capacity ahead of SESAR, while the European mediumterm
ATM network-capacity plan consolidates local requirements
and perceives expected 2006-09 network performance.
Current EEC research includes collaborative planning; airspace
organisation and management; traffic synchronisation; conflict
management; and information and management services. ECand
EUROCONTROL-sponsored work, such as the co-operative
ATM (C-ATM) project, aims to contribute to improved safety,
maximum use of available capacity in all weathers, creation of
additional capacity, and increased efficiency of ATM processes. It
anticipates the inclusion of 4D trajectory concepts (involving
aircraft flying to time accurately, permitting their future
locations to be calculated).
EUROCONTROL leads the CAMES project, which investigates
procedures for dynamic traffic-flow co-ordination across
several centres. EEC has been involved in simulations of the
EC’s gate-to-gate (“G2G”) project, which aims to improve
airport, terminal, and en-route ATC through short- and
medium-term “centre-planning practices”. G2G, which
complements systems such as arrival management (AMAN)
and departure management (DMAN), can enhance terminalarea
　
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