(c)
Each seat or berth must be approved.

(d)
Each occupant of a seat that makes more than an 18'angle withthe verticalplane containing the airplane centerline must be protected from head injury by a safety belt and an energy absorbing rest that will support the arms, shoulders, head, and spine, orby a safetybelt and shoulderharnessthatwillpreventtheheadfrom contacting anyinjurious object.Each occupant of any other seat mustbeprotected from the head injury by a safety belt and, as appropriate to the type, location, and angle of facing of each seat, by one or more of the following :

(1)
A shoulder harness that will prevent the head from contacting any injurious object.

(2)
The elimination of any injurious object within striking radius of the head.

(3)
An energy absorbing rest that will support the arms, shoulders, head, and spine.

(e)
Eachberthmustbedesigned sothattheforwardparthas apadded endboard, canvas diaphragm, or equivalent means, that can withstand the static load reaction of the occupant when subjected to the forward inertia force speci.ed in Sec. 25.561. Berths must be free from corners and protuberances likely to cause injury to a person occupying the berth during emergency conditions.

(f)
Each seat orberth, anditssupporting structure,and each safetybelt orharnessand its anchorage mustbedesignedfor an occupant weight of170pounds, considering the maximum load factors, inertia forces, and reactions among the occupant seat, safetybelt,andharnessforeach relevant .ight andgroundload condition(including the emergency landing conditions prescribed in Sec. 25.561). In addition–

(1)
The structural analysis and testing of the seats, berths, and their supporting structures may be determined by assuming that the critical load in the for-ward, sideward,downward, upward, and rearwarddirections(asdetermined from the prescribed .ight, ground, and emergency landing conditions) acts separately or using selected combinations of loads if the required strength in each speci.ed direction is substantiated. The forward load factor need not be applied to safety belts for berths.

(2)
Each pilot seat must be designed for the reactions resulting from the applica-tion of the pilot forces prescribed in Sec. 25.395.

(3)
The inertia forces speci.ed in Sec. 25.561 must be multiplied by a factor of

1.33 (instead of the .tting factor prescribed in Sec. 25.625) in determining the strength of the attachment of each seat to the structure and each belt or harness to the seat or structure.

(g)
Each seat at a .ight deck station must have a restraint system consisting of a com-bined safety belt and shoulder harness with a single-point release that permits the

25.562.
′
Elodie Roux. Septembre 2003
Subpart D : Design and Construction
.ightdeck occupant, when seated with the restraint systemfastened, toperform all of the occupant’s necessary .ight deck functions. There must be a means to secure each combined restraint system when not in use to prevent interference with the operation of the airplane and with rapid egress in an emergency.
(h)
Each seat located in the passenger compartment and designated for use during takeo. and landing by a .ight attendant required by the operating rules of this chapter must be :

(1)
[Near a required .oor level emergency exit, except that another location is acceptableif the emergency egressofpassengerswouldbeenhanced with that location. A .ight attendant seat must be located adjacent to each Type A or B emergency exit. Other .ight attendant seats must be evenly distributed among the required .oor-level emergency exits to the extent feasible.]

(2)
To the extent possible, without compromising proximity to a required .oor level emergency exit, located to provide a direct view of the cabin area for which the .ight attendant is responsible.
　
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