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CL−604 Operating Manual
PSP 604−6
GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS)
Description
The GPS is a space-based navigation system that provides highly accurate three-dimensional
position, velocity and time information to ground or aircraft receivers.
The GPS is a sensor used by the flight management system to compute an accurate position. All
GPS data is accessed through the FMS CDU.
The GPS has three main segments:
• Space segment
• Control segment (ground)
• User segment
Space Segment
The space segment of the GPS is made up of 24 NAVSTAR satellites. There are 21
operational satellites at all times, and three are spares. The satellites:
• Are in a 10,900-mile-high orbit
• Are in six orbital planes, with 3 to 4 satellites in each plane
• Have a 12-hour orbit
• Are spaced to provide a minimum of 4 satellites in view at all times
• Have atomic clocks, and transmit on two coded frequencies
Control Segment
The control segment monitors the space segment, and adjusts the orbits when operationally
required. It includes five ground stations around the world. One is the master control station
and the others are monitor stations.
The monitor stations passively track all satellites in view and acquire range data from them.
This data is forwarded to the master control station. The master control station uses the data
from the monitor stations to estimate satellite orbit and clock data. This information is
transmitted to the satellites and down to the users as a navigation message.
User Segment
The FMS uses the signal from the GPS satellites as a navigation sensor to upgrade its own
position. A minimum of three satellites is required for two-dimensional calculations and four
satellites are required for three-dimensional calculations.
NAVIGATION SYSTEMS
Description
Vol. 2 17−10−72
REV 76, Jul 17/09
CL−604 Operating Manual
PSP 604−6
GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS) (CONT'D)
Components and Operation
GPS Receivers
Dual GPS receivers are installed in the Challenger 604 (GPS 1 and GPS 2). The GPS receivers
process signals from the orbiting constellation of GPS satellites to determine geographic
position. Each of the GPS receivers is capable of receiving up to 12 satellites. Tuning is fully
automatic, and does not require any pilot input/action.
GPS 1 is powered by DC bus 1, and GPS 2 is powered by DC bus 2.
GPS Sensors and Navigation
The flight management system (FMS) is the interface between the GPS receivers and the
aircraft navigation systems. GPS position information is supplied to each FMS by the on-side
GPS receiver (GPS 1 supplies FMS 1, and GPS 2 supplies FMS 2). The FMS then calculates
the integrated navigation solution (FMS position) using a combination of GPS, DME/DME,
VOR/DME, and IRS sensor information.
In the event that on-side GPS information is not available, the FMS will automatically use
cross-side information, and display the GPS REVERTED message on the FMS CDU.
GPS RAIM
GPS Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) is used to assure that the GPS position
information meet the required accuracy:
• 4 NM oceanic/remote
• 2 NM en route
• 1 NM terminal
• 0.3 NM final approach
The current RAIM accuracy limit and measured accuracy limit are displayed on the MFD LRN
STATUS page 2/2. The measured accuracy limit indicates the maximum estimated error based
on measurement inconsistency. Unless an error is detected by RAIM, this value is always less
than the RAIM accuracy limit.
When an error is detected, it is annunciated on the MFD LRN STATUS page 2/2. If the detected
error cannot be predicted to be less than the required integrity threshold, GPS is removed from
the navigation solution.
If no error is detected by RAIM, the probable GPS error is shown. This is a statistical number
based on normal satellite error characteristics.
NAVIGATION SYSTEMS
Description
Vol. 2 17−10−73
REV 76, Jul 17/09
CL−604 Operating Manual
PSP 604−6
GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS) (CONT'D)
MFD LRN STATUS (Page 2/2)
Figure 17−10−63
In the terminal environment, RAIM accuracy is indicated by the white TERM message below the
NAV SOURCE display of the PFD.
On final approach, RAIM accuracy is indicated by the white GPS APPR message below the
NAV SOURCE display of the PFD.
If RAIM accuracy does not reach final approach tolerances, the yellow NO APPR message is
displayed below the NAV SOURCE display of the PFD.
PFD RAIM Indications
Figure 17−10−64
　
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