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This final rulemaking will result in a cost savings to the launch operator. It primarily results from renewing a license every five years instead of two years. To calculate the annualized cost savings, the FAA discounted the costs or cost savings for the appropriate year. The net total cost savings for Beal Aerospace is $13,204 and the net total cost savings for Universal Space Lines is $8,442. The net total cost savings for the period 1999-2008 is then annualized by multiplying the net total cost savings for each of the affected firms by the 10 year, 7 percent annualization factor (.142378). The FAA estimates that the annualized cost savings for Beal Aerospace is $1,880 ($13,204 x 142378 = $1,880) and the annualized cost savings for Universal Space Lines is $1,202 ($8,442 x 142378 = $1,202).
The FAA has little financial information to calculate whether the projected cost savings represents a significant amount to these two firms. However, according to the Beal Aerospace website, over 70 people currently work for Beal Aerospace. They project that the firm will grow to more than 200 people over the next ten years. Moreover, the same source states that: "Beal Aerospace is fully financed, up to $250M." The FAA concludes that the annualized cost savings of $1,880 does not represent a significant amount for this firm. Even less information is available on Universal Space Lines. However, one article quotes John Grady, Universal's chief financial officer by stating that: "Initially the company will hire about 40 people -- mostly in technological and engineering positions. In three years, employment is expected to rise to 100." The same article states that: "The initial plan is to manufacture low-cost, two-stage orbital launch vehicles capable of launching 3,000-pound and greater satellite payloads." If 40 people each hypothetically earned $50,000 annually, then the annual cost to employ these individuals would be at least $2 million. Comparing the hypothetical annual cost of employing these individuals against the net cost savings of this final rulemaking, the FAA again concludes that the annualized cost savings of $1,202 does not represent a significant amount for this firm.

International Trade Impact Assessment
This final rulemaking will not constitute a barrier to international trade. This rulemaking affects launch activities located within the United States and launch activities abroad that have substantial U.S. involvement. In fact, if the anticipated cost savings result and are passed along to launch service customers in the form of reduced prices, it is possible that the international competitiveness of U.S. commercial launch services will be enhanced.

Federalism Implications
The regulations herein will not have substantial direct effects on the states, on the relationship between the national government and the states, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government. Therefore, in accordance with Executive Order 12612, it is determined that this rule will not have sufficient federalism implications to warrant the preparation of a Federalism Assessment.
Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
Title II of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (the UMRA), enacted as Pub. L. 104-4 on March 22, 1995, requires each Federal agency, to the extent permitted by law, to prepare a written assessment of the effects of any Federal mandate in a proposed or final agency rule that may result in the expenditure by State, local, and tribal governments, in the aggregate, or by the private sector, of $100 million or more (adjusted annually for inflation) in any one year. Section 204(a) of the Act, 2 U.S.C. 1534(a), requires the Federal agency to develop an effective process to permit timely input by elected officers (or their designees) of State, local, and tribal governments on a proposed "significant intergovernmental mandate." A "significant intergovernmental mandate" under the Act is any provision in a Federal agency regulation that will impose an enforceable duty upon State, local, and tribal governments, in the aggregate, of $100 million (adjusted annually for inflation) in any one year. Section 203 of the Act, 2 U.S.C. 1533, which supplements section 204(a), provides that before establishing any regulatory requirements that might significantly or uniquely affect small governments, the agency shall have developed a plan that, among other things, provides for notice to potentially affected small governments, if any, and for a meaningful and timely opportunity to provide input in the development of regulatory proposals.
　
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