Formulation of DAG-TM Concept
The DAG-TM Concept was formulated as a coherent set of solutions to a series of key ATM problems (or inefficiencies) in the gate-to-gate operations of the current NAS. For each problem, one or more solutions were identified that could potentially solve the problem by utilizing distributed decision-making between the user (FD and/or AOC) and the ATSP. These solutions, known as concept elements (CEs), would potentially enable greater accommodation of user preferences and increased system capacity. A fundamental goal of the DAG-TM concept is the elimination of static restrictions, to the maximum extent possible. In this paradigm, users may plan and operate according to their preferences – as the rule rather than the exception – with deviations occurring only as dynamically necessary. Therefore, the DAG-TM concept elements were formulated to mitigate the extent and impact of dynamic NAS constraints, while maximizing the flexibility of airspace operations.

Outline of DAG-TM Concept Elements
Fig. E-1 presents an overview of the DAG-TM concept elements. A special concept element for universal information access/exchange covers all ATM operations from gate to gate. This concept element is presented first, numbered “CE 0” to indicate its over-arching nature. The other concept elements are numbered “CE 1” through “CE 14.” It is noted that CEs 1 – 14 each represent a solution to a problem/inefficiency in the operations of the current NAS. Their sequence corresponds to the progression of a typical flight. The CE titles include a label that indicates the applicable operational domain and flight phase (e.g., Terminal Departure). The label “Gate-to-Gate” applies to all operational domains and all flight phases.
CE  Title 
0  Gate-to-Gate:  Information Access/Exchange for Enhanced Decision Support 
1  Pre-Flight Planning:  NAS-Constraint Considerations for Schedule/Flight Optimization 
2  Surface Departure:  Intelligent Routing for Efficient Pushback Times and Taxi 
3  Terminal Departure:  Free Maneuvering for User-Preferred Departures 
4  Terminal Departure:  Trajectory Negotiation for User-Preferred Departures 

5  En route: (Departure, Cruise, Arrival)  Free Maneuvering for: (a) User-preferred Separation Assurance, and (b) User-preferred Local TFM Conformance 
6  En route: (Departure, Cruise, Arrival)  Trajectory Negotiation for: (a) User-preferred Separation Assurance, and (b) User-preferred Local TFM Conformance 
7  En route: (Departure, Cruise, Arrival)  Collaboration for Mitigating Local TFM Constraints due to Weather, SUA and Complexity 
8  En route / Terminal Arrival:  Collaboration for User-Preferred Arrival Metering 
9  Terminal Arrival:  Free Maneuvering for Weather Avoidance 
　
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