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Carbon Monoxide (CO) Poisoning ........................16-11
Stress ......................................................................16-11
Fatigue ....................................................................16-12
Dehydration and Heatstroke ...................................16-12
Alcohol ...................................................................16-13
Drugs ......................................................................16-14
Altitude-Induced Decompression Sickness (DCS) 16-16
DCS After Scuba Diving ....................................16-16
xv
Vision in Flight ..........................................................16-17
Empty-Field Myopia ..............................................16-18
Night Vision ...........................................................16-18
Night Vision Illusions ............................................16-19
Autokinesis .........................................................16-19
False Horizon ......................................................16-19
Night Landing Illusions ..........................................16-19
Chapter Summary ......................................................16-20
Chapter 17
Aeronautical Decision-Making .........................17-1
Introduction ..................................................................17-1
History of ADM ...........................................................17-2
Crew Resource Management (CRM) and Single-Pilot Resource Management .................................................17-4
Hazard and Risk ...........................................................17-4
Hazardous Attitudes and Antidotes ..........................17-4
Risk ...........................................................................17-4
Assessing Risk ......................................................17-5
Likelihood of an Event .........................................17-6
Severity of an Event ..............................................17-6
Mitigating Risk .....................................................17-6
The PAVE Checklist ...............................................17-6
P = Pilot in Command (PIC) ................................17-8
A = Aircraft .........................................................17-8
V = EnVironment .................................................17-8
E = External Pressures ..........................................17-9
Human Behavior ........................................................17-10
The Decision-Making Process ...................................17-11
SRM and the 5P Check .........................................17-11
The Plan .............................................................17-12
The Plane ...........................................................17-13
The Pilot .............................................................17-13
The Passengers ...................................................17-13
The Programming ..............................................17-13
Perceive, Process, Perform (3P) .............................17-14
Perceive, Process, Perform with
CARE and TEAM ...............................................17-14
Forming Good Safety Habits .............................17-16
The OODA Loop ....................................................17-16
The DECIDE Model ...............................................17-17
Detect (the Problem) ...........................................17-19
Estimate (the Need To React) .............................17-19
Choose (a Course of Action) ..............................17-19
Identify (Solutions) .............................................17-19
Do (the Necessary Actions) ................................17-19
Evaluate (the Effect of the Action) ....................17-19
Decision-Making in a Dynamic Environment ..........17-19
Automatic Decision-Making .................................17-20
Operational Pitfalls .............................................17-20
Stress Management ................................................17-20
Use of Resources ....................................................17-20
Internal Resources ..............................................17-20
External Resources .............................................17-22
Situational Awareness ................................................17-23
Obstacles to Maintaining Situational Awareness ...17-23
Workload Management ......................................17-23
Managing Risks ..................................................17-24
Automation ................................................................17-25
Results of the Study ................................................17-27
　
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