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b) a configuration that supports Category I precision approach and APV, and also broadcasts the additional ephemeris
error position bound parameters;
c) a configuration that supports Category I precision approach, APV, and the GBAS positioning service, while also
broadcasting the ephemeris error position bound parameters referred to in b); and
d) a configuration that supports APV and the GBAS positioning service, and is used within a GRAS.
7.1.5 From a user perspective, a GRAS ground subsystem consists of one or more GBAS ground subsystems (as
described in 7.1.1 through 7.1.4), each with a unique GBAS identification, providing the positioning service and APV where
required. By using multiple GBAS broadcast stations, and by broadcasting the Type 101 message, GRAS is able to support
en-route operations via the GBAS positioning service, while also supporting terminal, departure, and APV operations over a
23/11/06 ATT D-16
Attachment D Annex 10 — Aeronautical Communications
larger coverage region than that typically supported by GBAS. In some GRAS applications, the corrections broadcast in the
Type 101 message may be computed using data obtained from a network of reference receivers distributed in the coverage
region. This permits detection and mitigation of measurement errors and receiver faults.
7.1.6 All broadcast stations of a GBAS ground subsystem broadcast identical data with the same GBAS identification
on a common frequency. The airborne receiver need not and cannot distinguish between messages received from different
broadcast stations of the same GBAS ground subsystem. When within coverage of two such broadcast stations, the receiver
will receive and process duplicate copies of messages in different time division multiple access (TDMA) time slots.
7.1.7 Interoperability of the GBAS ground and aircraft elements compatible with RTCA/DO-253A is addressed in
Appendix B, 3.6.8.1. GBAS receivers compliant with RTCA/DO-253A will not be compatible with GRAS ground
subsystems broadcasting Type 101 messages. However, GRAS and GBAS receivers compliant with RTCA GRAS MOPS,
will be compatible with GBAS ground subsystems. SARPs-compliant GBAS receivers may not be able to decode the FAS
data correctly for APV transmitted from GBAS ground subsystems. These receivers will apply the FASLAL and FASVAL as
if conducting a Category I precision approach. Relevant operational restrictions have to apply to ensure the safety of the
operation.
7.1.8 The GBAS VDB transmits with either horizontal or elliptical polarization (GBAS/H or GBAS/E). This allows
service providers to tailor the broadcast to their operational requirements and user community.
7.1.9 The majority of aircraft will be equipped with a horizontally-polarized VDB receiving antenna, which can be
used to receive the VDB from both GBAS/H and GBAS/E equipment. A subset of aircraft will be equipped with a verticallypolarized
antenna due to installation limitations or economic considerations. These aircraft are not compatible with GBAS/H
equipment and are, therefore, limited to GBAS-based operations supported by GBAS/E.
7.1.10 GBAS service providers must publish the signal polarization (GBAS/H or GBAS/E), for each GBAS facility
in the aeronautical information publication (AIP). Aircraft operators that use vertically polarized receiving antenna will have
to take this information into account when managing flight operations, including flight planning and contingency procedures.
7.2 RF characteristics
7.2.1 Frequency and time slot planning
7.2.1.1 Performance factors
7.2.1.1.1 The geographical separation between a candidate GBAS station and existing VOR or GBAS installations
must consider the following factors:
a) the coverage volume, minimum field strength and effective radiated power (ERP) of the candidate GBAS including
the GBAS positioning service, if provided. The minimum requirements for coverage and field strength are found in
Chapter 3, 3.7.3.5.3 and 3.7.3.5.4.4, respectively. The ERP is determined from these requirements;
b) the coverage volume, minimum field strength and ERP of the surrounding VOR and GBAS stations including the
GBAS positioning service, if provided. Specifications for coverage and field strength for VOR are found in Chapter
3, 3.3, and respective guidance material is provided in Attachment C;
c) the performance of VDB receivers, including co-channel and adjacent channel rejection, and immunity to
desensitization and intermodulation products from FM broadcast signals. These requirements are found in Appendix B,
3.6.8.2.2;
ATT D-17 23/11/06
Annex 10 — Aeronautical Communications Volume I
d) the performance of VOR receivers, including co-channel and adjacent channel rejection of VDB signals. Since
existing VOR receivers were not specifically designed to reject VDB transmissions, desired-to-undesired (D/U)
　
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