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symbol visible. Although the maximum traffic detection range for TCAS /
ACAS is 120 NM in front of the airplane and 15 NM behind the airplane, a
smaller range setting offers better traffic discrimination in high density
airspace.
TCAS / ACAS symbology is the same on both the DU #4 and NAV displays.
Traffic is represented in different icon shapes and colors corresponding to
the potential threat of collision:
• " - a red square represents a Resolution Alert (RA) for conflicting
traffic that poses a collision danger within 15 to 35 seconds
• * - an amber circle represents a Traffic Alert (TA) for conflicting
traffic that poses a collision danger within 20 to 48 seconds
• k - a cyan (blue) diamond represents proximate traffic that is within
± 1200 feet of airplane altitude, but whose projected track does not
pose a collision danger
OPERATING MANUAL
PRODUCTION AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS 2A-34-00
Page 59
October 11/01
Revision 5
• j - a hollow cyan diamond represents other traffic more than ±
1200 feet from airplane altitude that does not hazard the airplane
When the detected traffic is equipped with a functioning Mode C or Mode S
transponder, a two digit display of the altitude of the traffic in hundreds
(100’s) of feet accompanies the symbol. If the traffic is above airplane
altitude, the two digits are shown above the symbol and preceded by a plus
(+) sign, and if the traffic is below the airplane the digits are placed below
the symbol and preceded by a minus (−) sign. For example, k+13
represents proximate traffic 1300 feet above the airplane, while
k−08symbolizes proximate traffic 800 feet below the airplane. If the
detected traffic is climbing or descending more than 500 feet per minute
(FPM), an arrow is placed to the right of the symbol pointing in the direction
of altitude change. Examples are k↓+13 and k↑−08.
If TCAS / ACAS is unable to determine the bearing of a target, the
appropriate color coded symbol will be shown at the lower center of the
display with altitude information if available. Failure to determine target
bearing is most likely due to high bank angles masking antenna functions.
Bearing information is usually available as soon as bank angle is
moderated.
The flight crew may choose to have the traffic altitude displayed in absolute
altitude rather than as a relative altitude difference from the airplane. If
absolute altitude is selected, the traffic symbol is accompanied by the
altitude readout reported by the ATC transponder. Absolute altitude reverts
to relative altitude after 10 seconds.
The altitude range for TCAS / ACAS traffic surveillance is normally limited
to ±2700 feet of airplane altitude (NORM on the RTU TCAS / ACAS control
page). The altitude envelope may be expanded above and below the
normal range with selections on the RTU. If ABOVE is selected, the
envelope is set between −2700 feet and +7000 feet. If BELOW is selected,
the envelope is set between +2700 feet and −7000 feet.
If the closest point of approach of any traffic is near enough to generate a
RA, avoidance maneuver cues will automatically be displayed on both
PFDs accompanied by aural instructions. An RA as presented on the PFD
is shown in Figure 25. The Flight Director command bars are removed from
view and the PFD will display climb or descent rates to avoid in the format
of a red outlined trapezoid above, below or above and below the airplane
symbol on the PFDs. The trapezoid enclosed areas represent vertical
speeds that lead to a potential collision. A fly-to target in the form of a
rectangular box outlined in green is displayed representing the desired
airplane vertical speed for collision avoidance. The airplane should be
maneuvered so that the airplane symbol on the PFD is within the green
fly-to box. A RA that does not require modification of present vertical speed
is termed a “preventative” RA, and in this case a green fly-to box is not
shown, only the red vertical speed avoidance cues are presented.
The airplane symbol on the PFD is normally yellow, however during a RA
display, the airplane symbol will be red if the airplane is flown in the vertical
speed area(s) outlined in the red trapezoid(s), and colored green if the
airplane is flown within the vertical speeds defined by the green fly-to box.
The RA vertical speed commands are programmed to be within the
airplane performance capability and should usually only require altitude
OPERATING MANUAL
2A-34-00 PRODUCTION AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
Page 60
October 11/01
Revision 5
changes of 300 to 500 feet and loads of ¼ ″G″ or less.
　
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