CHAPTER 26
Visual Communications
Communications between aircraft are visual whenever possible. Flight leaders shall insure that all
pilots in the formation receive and acknowledge signals when given. The visual communications
chapters of NAVAIR 00-80T-113 should be reviewed and practiced by all pilots. Common visual signals
applicable to flight operations are listed in figure 26-1.
GENERAL SIGNALS
SIGNAL
MEANING RESPONSE
DAY NIGHT
Thumbs up, or nod of
head.
Flashlight moved vertically
up-and-down repeatedly.
Affirmative. (``Yes'', or,
``I understand.'')
Thumbs down, or turn
of head from side to
side.
Flashlight moved horizontally
back-and-forth
repeatedly.
Negative. (``No'', or, ``I
do not understand.'')
Hand cupped behind ear
as if listening.
Question. Used in conjunction
with another
signal, this gesture indicates
that the signal is
interrogatory.
As appropriate.
Hand held up, with
palm outward.
Wait
Hand waved back and
forth in an erasing motion
in front of face,
with palm turned forward.
Letter N in code, given
by external lights.
Ignore my last signal.
Employ fingers held vertically
to indicate desired
numeral 1 through
5. With fingers horizontal,
indicate number
which added to 5 gives
desired number from 6
to 9. A clenched fist indicates
0. (Hold hand
near canopy when signaling.)
Numerals as indicated. A nod of the head (``I
understand''). To verify
numerals, addressee repeats.
If originator nods,
interpretation is correct.
If originator repeats numerals,
addressee should
continue to verify them
until they are understood.
A1-F18EA-NFM-000
Figure 26-1. Visual Communications (Sheet 1 of 9)
VII-26-1 ORIGINAL
GENERAL SIGNALS (CONT)
SIGNAL
MEANING RESPONSE
DAY NIGHT
Make hand into cupshape,
then make repeated
pouring motions.
I am going to dump fuel.
Slashing motion of index
finger across throat.
I have stopped dumping
fuel.
MALFUNCTIONING EQUIPMENT (HEFOE CODE)
SIGNAL
MEANING RESPONSE
DAY NIGHT
Weeping signal and then
indicating by finger -
numbers 1 to 5 the affected
system.
Flashlight held close to
top of canopy, pointed
toward wingman, followed
by 1 to 5 dashes to
indicate system affected.
Number of fingers or
dashes means:
1. Hydraulic/FCS
2. Electric
3. Fuel
4. Oxygen
5. Engine
Day: nod, or thumbs
up. (``I understand.'')
Night: Vertical movement
of flashlight.
Pass lead to disabled
plane or assume lead, if
indicated.
A1-F18EA-NFM-000
Figure 26-1. Visual Communications (Sheet 2 of 9)
VII-26-2 ORIGINAL
TAKEOFF, CHANGING LEAD, LEAVING FORMATION, BREAKUP, LANDING
SIGNAL
MEANING RESPONSE
DAY NIGHT
1. Section/Division
Lead gives thumbs up.
1. Section/Division
Lead turns formation
lights off.
1. I am ready to take
position on the runway.
1. Standby for response
from wingman.
2. Wingman gives
thumbs up.
2. Wingman turns formation
lights off.
2a. Wingman turns
formation lights on.
2. I am ready to take
position on the runway.
2a. I am ready for
takeoff roll.
2. Lead calls for takeoff.
2a. Section/Division
Lead formation lights
on.
3. Section/Division
Lead kisses off wingman.
3. Section/Division
Lead turns formation
lights on.
3. I am executing
takeoff roll.
3. Wingman roll in
order.
1. Leader pats self on
the head, points to wingman.
1. Lead aircraft turns
strobe lights ON.
Leader shifting lead to
wingman.
1. Wingman pats head
and assumes lead.
2. If external lights
are inoperative, leader
shines flashlight on
hard-hat, then shines
light on wingman.
2. Wingman turns
strobe lights OFF and
assumes lead.
If external lights are
inop-
3. Wingman shines
flashlight at leader, then
on his hard hat and assumes
lead.
Leader pats self on head
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