TM 1-1520-240-10
6-6-18
6-6-35. Cargo Weight.
Package weight of individual items of cargo should be legibly
stenciled on an exterior surface. If not provided, the weight
must be determined in order to plan cargo placement, to
calculate contact pressure, and too compute helicopter
weight and balance. The same rule applies to palletized
cargo and vehicle loads.
6-6-36. Cargo Center of Gravity.
The center of gravity (C.G.) of each item of cargo must be
determined in order to compute weight and balance by the
station method. As a rule, those items of cargo crated for
transport will be marked with a C.G. If the C. G. is not
marked, it can be determined by methods provided in TM
10-450-10.
6-6-37. Vehicle Load.
The same general rules that are observed in cargo loading
apply to vehicle loading. In addition, the fuel tank caps,
radiator caps and battery filler caps should be checked and
secured. Fuel tanks should be checked to see that they are
not filled above three-quarters capacity. Air trapped in a fuel
tank will expand at altitude and force fuel out through the filler
neck, creating a fire hazard. If fuel tanks are filled to capacity,
some fuel must be drained off before the vehicle is loaded.
Also, check tire pressures and if necessary, deflate tires to
prescribed limits.
6-6-38. Hazardous Cargo.
Items of cargo possessing dangerous physical properties,
such as explosives, acids, flammables. etc., must be
handled with extreme caution and in accordance with
established regulations and TM 38-250.
6-6-39. General Instructions for Loading, Securing,
and Unloading Cargo.
There are three prime factors to be considered in properly
loading the helicopter. These factors are weight, balance,
and restraint. The weight of the cargo to be loaded
must remain within safe operating limits, and the cargo
must be restrained from shifting during takeoff, flight, and
landing. Refer to TM 10-450-10 to determine or compute
loading, shoring and restraint criteria.
6-6-40. Weight and Balance.
Refer to TM 55-1500-342-23 and figure 6-7-1 to compute
helicopter GW/CG and complete Form F.
6-6-41. Restraint.
Items of cargo within the helicopter are subject to the
same forces which affect the helicopter in flight. These
forces will cause the cargo to shift unless the cargo is
restrained. To maintain helicopter balance and prevent
injury to personnel, cargo must be restrained from shifting.
TM 1-1520-240-10
6-6-19
Figure 6-6-10. Stowage Locations
TM 1-1520-240-10
6-6-20
Figure 6-6-11. Cargo Door Cranking
6-6-42. Load Planning.
Before loading cargo, the placement of individual items
of cargo in the helicopter should be planned and then
checked to determine if the planned arrangement falls
within the C.G. limits. there are three basic steps involved
in load planning. The first step is to decide which method
will be used to compute C.G. of the load. If the compartment
method is to be used, each item of cargo must be
assigned a location in one of the three compartments. If
the station method is to be used, specific station locations
must be assigned to each item of cargo. The second
step is to compute the C.G. of the load. If the load
consists of a number of items of cargo, the compartment
method should be used. If the load consists of only a few
bulky items, the station method should be used. The third
step is to check if the C.G. falls within the allowable limits.
If it does, the cargo can be loaded; if not, the location of
individual items should be rearranged until an acceptable
loading plan is obtained.
6-6-43. Compartment Loading.
Loading by compartments provides a rapid means of
computing the C.G. of a load and can be used whenever
the cargo load consists of a number of items. The helicopter
cargo compartment is divided into three compartments
(fig. 6-6-12). The centroid, or center of balance, of
each compartment is located at station 181, 303, and
425, respectively. When using the compartment method,
it is assumed that the weight of all the cargo in the
compartment is concentrated at the centroid of the
compartment. If an item of cargo extends into two or
three compartments, the weight of the item should be
proportionately distributed in each compartment. The
C.G. of the cargo load is computed as follows:
a. Record the weight of cargo in each compartment.
b. Calculate the compartment moment by multiplying
the total weight in each compartment by the station
number of the compartment centroid.
c. Add the compartment moments.
　
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