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a stability of +.2'C. The leading specification points shall be
as follows, h e detector response having been optimized and
the instrument generally having stabilized:
a) Total range: 0 to 500 ppmC in appropriate ranges.
Note.- In application there are two aspects of
peformance which ran aflect the accuracy of measurement:
a) the oxygen eflect (whereby dlflering proporlions of
oxygen present in the sample give dljfering indicated
hydrocarbon concenlration for constant actual HC
concentrations); and
b) the relative hydrocarbon response (whereby there is
a dlflerent response to the same sample hydrocarbon
concentrations expressed as equivalent ppmC,
dependent on the class or admixture of clmses of
hydrocarbon compourdr).
The magnitude of the effects noted above shall be
delemined as follows and limited accordingly.
Oxygen response: measure the response with two blends
of propane, at approximately 500 ppmC concentration known
to a relative accuracy of k1 per cent, as follows:
b) Resolution: better than 0.5 per cent of full scale of 1) propane in 10 r: 1 per cent o,, balance N,
range used or 0.5 ppmC, whichever is greater.
2) propane in 21 2 1 per cent 02b, alance N,
c) Re~ealabili~be:t ter than 21 Per cent of full scale of If R, and R, are the respective normalized responses then
range used, or +0.5 ppmC, whichever is greater. (R, - R2) shall be less than 3 per cent of R,.
d) Stability: better than *2 per cent of full scale of range Differential hydrocarbon response: measure the response
used or k1 ppmc, whichever is greater, in a period of with four blends of different hydrocarbons in air, at
1 hour. concentrations of approximately 500 ppmC, hown to a
relative accuracy of 21 per cent, as follows:
el Zero dr@: less than *1 per cent of full scale of range a) propane in zero air
used or e0.5 ppmC, whichever is greater, in a period
of 1 hour. b) propylene in zero air
f) Noise: 0.5 Hz and geater, less than i1 per cent of c) toluene in zero air
full scale of range used or d . 5 ppmC, whichever is
greater. d) n-hexane in zero air.
1 l/ll/93 46 ANNEX 16 - VOLUME I1
Annex 16 - Environmentul hotectbn
If R,, R,, R, and Rd are, respectively, the normalized
responses (with respect to propane), then (R, - R,), (R, - R,)
and (R, - Rd) shall each be less than 5 per cent of R,.
3. OPTIMIZATION OF DETECTOR
RESPONSE AND ALIGNMENT
3.1 The manufacturer's instructions for initial setting up
procedures and ancillary services and supplies required shall
be implemented, and the insmment allowed to stabilize. All
setting adjustments shall involve iterative zero checking, and
correction as necessary, Using as sample a mixture of
approximately 500 ppmC of propane in air, thc response
,characteristics for variations first in fuel flow and then, near
an optimum fuel flow, for variations in dilution air flow to
select its optimum shall be determined. The oxygen and
differential hydrocarbon responses shall then be determined
as indicated above.
3.2 The linearity of each analyser range shall be
checked by applying propane in air samples at concentrations
of approximately 30, 60 and 90 per cent of full scale. The
maximum response deviation of any of these points from a
least squares straight line (fitted to the points and zero) shall
not exceed 22 per cent of full scale value. If it does, a
calibration curve shall be prepared for operational use.
ATTACHMENT B TO APPENDIX 5. SPECIFICATION FOR
CO AND CO, ANALYSERS
Nole.- Paragraph 5.3 of Appendix 5 summarizes the
chamcteristics of the analysis sub-system to be employed for
the individual measurements of CO and CO, concentrations
in the exhaust gas sample. The instruments are based on the
principle of non-dispersive absorption of infra-red radiation
in parallel reference and sample gas cells. The required
ranges of sensitivity are obtained by use of stacbd sample
cells or changes in electronic circuitry or both. Intelferences
from gases with overlapping absoption b a d may be minimized
by gas absorption filters a d o r optical$lters, preferably
the latter
Precautions: l'he performance specifications indicated are
generally for analyser full scale. Errors at part scale may be
a significantly greater percentage of reading. The relevance
and importance of such increases shall be considered when
preparing to make measurements. If better performance is
necessary, then appropriate precautions shall be taken.
The principal performance specification shall be as
follows:
CO Analyser
e) Zero dr@: less than rtl per cent of full scale of range
used or 22 ppm, whichever is greater, in a period of
　
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