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Passengers reported that the upset occurred without any prior warning. They first
noticed a sudden movement of the aircraft, generally described as a ‘drop’ or a
‘pitch down’. Many passengers and loose items were thrown upwards, and many of
these hit ceiling panels or overhead lockers.
General injury information
In addition to information obtained from passengers, basic information on
passenger injuries was obtained from the Western Australia Department of Health
and the operator. A review of the available data identified the following:
• Almost all of the injuries occurred at the time of the first in-flight upset.
• Of the 106 passengers known to be injured, seven were located in the front
section of the aircraft, 55 located in the centre section, and 44 were located in
the rear section.
• Of the 51 passengers who attended hospital, 32 were located in the centre
section and 19 were located in the rear section.
• Of the 11 passengers who were seriously injured, seven were located in the
centre section and four were located in the rear section. The severity of injuries
of both those who attended hospital and those who did not attend hospital,
varied considerably.
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Seated passengers
Based on the information provided by passengers, 82 passengers were seated with
seatbelts fastened and 61 were seated without seatbelts fastened. Although most of
the remaining passengers would have been seated, there was no information
available regarding whether they had their seatbelts fastened. Therefore, the overall
compliance rate for wearing seatbelts could not be reliably estimated. However,
information obtained from many of the passengers suggested that there were more
than 61 passengers who did not have their seatbelts on at the time of the first inflight
upset.
For the passengers reported to have their seatbelts fastened:
• 35 per cent of those passengers were reported to be injured and 13 per cent
attended hospital.
• The most common type of injury was a strain / sprain of the neck or back. Some
passengers reported injuries due to being hit by another person or by an object,
or bruises due to hitting arm rests.
• Two of the passengers received serious injuries. One of those passengers was a
child who received abdominal contusions from a seatbelt. The other passenger
experienced a stroke three days after the flight.
For the passengers reported to not have their seatbelts fastened:
• 91 per cent of the passengers were reported to be injured and 38 per cent
attended hospital.
• The most common type of injuries were head or neck injuries from hitting the
ceiling or overhead lockers, and bruising or other injuries of the back, legs or
other parts of the body when landing on a seat or the floor.
• Three of the passengers received serious injuries. Two received spinal injuries
and an infant received minor head injuries.
Four passengers reported that, even though they were wearing seatbelts, they were
not restrained in their seats and they subsequently hit the ceiling or were thrown
from their seat. Three of those passengers advised that they had their seatbelts
loosely fastened and one advised they had their seatbelt firmly fastened.
Non-seated passengers
Eighteen passengers were reported to have been standing or walking in the cabin at
the time of the first upset. Most of them were reported to be on their way to or from
a toilet and some were attending to children. All of those passengers were injured,
and 67 per cent attended hospital. Four of the standing / walking passengers
received serious injuries. All of the seriously injured received multiple injuries,
including spinal injuries.
Two passengers were reported to be in toilets at the time of the first upset. One
passenger received serious injuries and the other attended hospital. Both passengers
experienced multiple injuries, including spinal injuries.
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Crew member injury details
At the time of the first in-flight upset event, three flight attendants and the first
officer were standing in the forward galley and one flight attendant had just left that
galley. The first officer and two of the attendants received minor injuries and the
other was uninjured.
Four of the flight attendants were in the cabin crew rest area at the time of the first
in-flight upset. They were all preparing to leave the crew rest area either because
their break was about to end or because they reported feeling something similar to
the ‘top of decent’ prior to the first in-flight upset. As a result, none had their
seatbelts fastened at the time.
　
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