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5.3. Types of LOPs................................................................................................................ 151
Figure 5.1. Line of Position Parallel to Track Is Course Line.......................................................... 152
Figure 5.2. Line of Position Perpendicular to Track Is Speed Line ................................................. 152
Figure 5.3. True Bearing Equals Relative Bearing Plus True Heading............................................ 153
5.4. Plotting the LOP............................................................................................................. 153
Section 5B Fixes
5.5. Adjusting LOPs for a Fix ............................................................................................... 153
Figure 5.4. Adjusting Lines of Position for Fix................................................................................ 154
Figure 5.5. Bisector Method ............................................................................................................. 154
5.6. The Running Fix ............................................................................................................ 155
Figure 5.6. The Running Fix ............................................................................................................ 155
5.7. Accuracy of a Fix ........................................................................................................... 155
Section 5C Radio Aids
5.8. Basics ............................................................................................................................. 155
8 AFPAM11-216 1 MARCH 2001
5.9. Nondirectional Radio Beacon (NDB) ............................................................................ 155
5.10. Plotting on a Chart.......................................................................................................... 156
5.11. Ultra High Frequency (UHF) Direction Finders (DF) ................................................... 156
5.12. VHF Omnidirectional Range (VOR) ............................................................................. 156
Figure 5.7. VOR Nav Control Panel................................................................................................. 157
Figure 5.8. Course Indicator ............................................................................................................. 157
Figure 5.9. Radio Magnetic Indicator............................................................................................... 158
Figure 5.10. Bearing Distance Heading Indicator .............................................................................. 158
5.13. Tactical Air Navigation (TACAN) ................................................................................ 159
5.14. TACAN Characteristics ................................................................................................. 160
Figure 5.11. TACAN Control Panel................................................................................................... 161
5.15. Fix-to-Fix Navigation (Using RMI and BDHI) ............................................................. 162
Figure 5.12. Fix-to-Fix Solution......................................................................................................... 162
5.16. Fix-to-Fix Navigation (Using the MB-4 Computer) ...................................................... 163
Figure 5.13. Setting Present Position on MB-4 Computer ................................................................. 164
Figure 5.14. Setting Fix on MB-4 Computer...................................................................................... 164
Figure 5.15. Solution to Fix-to-Fix and Distance to Fix .................................................................... 165
Section 5D Communication
5.17. Long and Short Range Communication......................................................................... 165
Figure 5.16. IFF/SIF Transponder ...................................................................................................... 166
5.18. Identification Friend or Foe (IFF) and Selective Identification Feature (SIF)............... 167
Chapter 6—MAP READING
Section 6A Introduction
6.1. Basics ............................................................................................................................. 168
Figure 6.1. Landmarks as Checkpoints, Populated Areas ................................................................ 168
6.2. Checkpoints.................................................................................................................... 168
Figure 6.2. Landmarks as Checkpoints, Coastal Areas .................................................................... 169
6.3. Chart Selection ............................................................................................................... 169
　
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