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Airframe structural benefit - Monitoring 707 flap extension speed which were reduced to 200 kts.

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GPWS development - Elimination of early false GPWS warnings.

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GPWS monitoring - Evaluating crew reaction to GPWS warnings.

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Fuel burn & noise reduction - Early descents highlighted, together with early flap and gear extension, causing increase in fuel burn and noise over surrounding environment.

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Route mileage monitoring - Discouraging deviations for “sight seeing”.

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Optimization of transition and recurrent training from in service event monitoring.

The programs continue today in much the same form, but with modern computing and communications technology the number of parameters monitored has increased from hundreds to over 2,000. Increased sampling rates and decreased processing time means that many more events can be encompassed. Whereas the complete analysis used to take some 5 weeks, now most digitally recorded data can be analyzed within a day, and a crew member could then be sent a file to display the flight, and events on his home PC.

Cockpit Observations
In line with the research work performed in the field of Human Factors, there was a need for an operations observation system in order to try to identify areas of concern for safety, which, by nature, were not covered by a FDM program.
Early in the 1980’s Pan American put in place observers in the cockpit. To feed its FOM package Airbus developed LOAS (Line Operations Assessment System) on the basis of the TEM (Threats and Errors Management) concept of LOSA (developed by University of Texas)
Getting to grips with FOM

REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS

This chapter gives some indication about regulatory requirements concerning accident prevention and flight safety programs. Like for all requirements, Authorities provide guidelines for organization and for documentation of the activity. Airlines must choose how to implement these guidelines and demonstrate to the authorities that the system put in place is in accordance with the regulations.
You will notice that all these regulatory requirements stress the importance of Flight Data Monitoring.
International Civil Aviation Organization
Annex 6, Part 1, Amendment 26
3.2 Accident prevention and flight safety programme
3.2.1 An operator shall establish and maintain an accident prevention and flight safety programme.
Note.— Guidance on accident prevention is contained in the Accident Prevention Manual (Doc 9422) and in the Preparation of an Operations Manual (Doc 9376).
3.2.2 Recommendation.— From 1 January 2002, an operator of an aeroplane of a certificated take-off mass in excess of 20 000 kg should establish and maintain a flight data analysis programme as part of its accident prevention and flight safety programme.
　
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