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competing interests of ATC, environmental interests and/or PANS-OPS designers (see para 1.2);

1.4.1 TERMINAL AIRSPACE DESIGN CHALLENGES
From the above, it is possible to create a (non-exhaustive) though quite specific list of the challenges facing the Terminal Airspace planner and designer in particular:
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increasing tendency of ‘independent’ or ‘insular’ airspace design on the part of ‘specialist’ en-route or Terminal airspace planners and States;

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tradition of PANS-OPS designers determining route placement without the necessary consideration for ATC operational requirements;

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tradition of confining Terminal Airspace within the sovereign airspace of a state; competing interests between air traffic control, environmental mitigation and the diverse requirements of airspace users;

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developing cost-effective technological enablers for air traffic control, environmental protection and airspace users to both support their respective needs and overcome any constraints that they might face.

ATC
REGULATOR
STATE B
USERS
ATC
ENVIRONMENT
AIRPORT
ATSP EN-ROUTE SOCIAL PANS-OPS
APPROACH
STATE A
AIR TRAFFIC
POLICY
OPERATIONAL NATIONAL
USERS
ENVIRONMENT
GENERAL
GENERAL AIRPORT
GLOBAL
OBLIGATIONS
AVIATION NEIGHBOURS
AIR TRAFFIC
Figure 1 - 1: Challenges – Present and Future
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Whilst the difficulties created by these challenges will certainly become more acute if action is not taken by airspace planners and designers and regulators – many of these difficulties can be overcome by meaningful collaboration and co-operation. This is not limited to Terminal Airspace planners and designers working their way through a checklist of things to be done; it suggests a willingness to undertake the design process as part of a multi-disciplinary team that will negotiate openly and adapt to meet each other’s needs without compromising safety.
Collaboration and co-operation are the foundations upon which this document is built. As such, this document is intended to equip the Terminal Airspace designer with the means to successfully design a Terminal Airspace. The Terminal Airspace design ‘toolkit’ for air traffic controllers contained in this document is comprised of –
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General Principles of Terminal Airspace Design (Part A)

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Project Planning (Part B),

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Design Methodology (Part C)

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Assessment & Validation (Part D)

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Implementation and Review (Part E)

Figure 1 - 2: Terminal Airspace Design ‘Toolkit
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本文鏈接地址：EUROCONTROL MANUAL FOR AIRSPACE PLANNING 1(102)