曝光臺 注意防騙 網曝天貓店富美金盛家居專營店坑蒙拐騙欺詐消費者

resolution color monitoring displays (FMA) are
required to present surveillance track data to
controllers along with detailed maps depicting
approaches and no transgression zone.
PREFERENTIAL ROUTES- Preferential routes
(PDRs, PARs, and PDARs) are adapted in ARTCC
computers to accomplish inter/intrafacility controller
coordination and to assure that flight data is posted at
the proper control positions. Locations having a need
for these specific inbound and outbound routes
normally publish such routes in local facility
bulletins, and their use by pilots minimizes flight
plan route amendments. When the workload or traffic
situation permits, controllers normally provide radar
vectors or assign requested routes to minimize
circuitous routing. Preferential routes are usually
confined to one ARTCC's area and are referred to by
the following names or acronyms:
a. Preferential Departure Route (PDR). A specific
departure route from an airport or terminal area to an
en route point where there is no further need for flow
control. It may be included in an Instrument
Departure Procedure (DP) or a Preferred IFR Route.
b. Preferential Arrival Route (PAR). A specific
arrival route from an appropriate en route point to an
airport or terminal area. It may be included in a
Standard Terminal Arrival (STAR) or a Preferred IFR
Route. The abbreviation “PAR” is used primarily
within the ARTCC and should not be confused with
the abbreviation for Precision Approach Radar.
c. Preferential Departure and Arrival Route
(PDAR). A route between two terminals which are
within or immediately adjacent to one ARTCC's area.
PDARs are not synonymous with Preferred IFR
Routes but may be listed as such as they do
accomplish essentially the same purpose.
(See PREFERRED IFR ROUTES.)
PREFERRED IFR ROUTES- Routes established
between busier airports to increase system efficiency
and capacity. They normally extend through one or
more ARTCC areas and are designed to achieve
balanced traffic flows among high density terminals.
IFR clearances are issued on the basis of these routes
except when severe weather avoidance procedures or
other factors dictate otherwise. Preferred IFR Routes
are listed in the Airport/Facility Directory. If a flight
is planned to or from an area having such routes but
the departure or arrival point is not listed in the
Airport/Facility Directory, pilots may use that part of
a Preferred IFR Route which is appropriate for the
departure or arrival point that is listed. Preferred IFR
Routes are correlated with DPs and STARs and may
be defined by airways, jet routes, direct routes
between NAVAIDs, Waypoints, NAVAID radials/
DME, or any combinations thereof.
(See CENTER'S AREA.)
(See INSTRUMENT DEPARTURE
PROCEDURE.)
(See PREFERENTIAL ROUTES.)
(See STANDARD TERMINAL ARRIVAL.)
(Refer to AIRPORT/FACILITY DIRECTORY.)
(Refer to NOTICES TO AIRMEN PUBLICATION.)
PRE‐FLIGHT PILOT BRIEFING-
(See PILOT BRIEFING.)
PREVAILING VISIBILITY-
(See VISIBILITY.)
Pilot/Controller Glossary 2/14/08
PCG P-4
PRIMARY RADAR TARGET- An analog or digital
target, exclusive of a secondary radar target,
presented on a radar display.
PRM-
(See ILS PRM APPROACH and PRECISION
RUNWAY MONITOR.)
PROCEDURE TURN- The maneuver prescribed
when it is necessary to reverse direction to establish
an aircraft on the intermediate approach segment or
final approach course. The outbound course,
direction of turn, distance within which the turn must
be completed, and minimum altitude are specified in
the procedure. However, unless otherwise restricted,
the point at which the turn may be commenced and
the type and rate of turn are left to the discretion of the
pilot.
(See ICAO term PROCEDURE TURN.)
PROCEDURE TURN [ICAO]- A maneuver in
which a turn is made away from a designated track
followed by a turn in the opposite direction to permit
the aircraft to intercept and proceed along the
reciprocal of the designated track.
Note 1:Procedure turns are designated “left” or
“right” according to the direction of the initial turn.
Note 2:Procedure turns may be designated as
being made either in level flight or while
descending, according to the circumstances of
each individual approach procedure.
PROCEDURE TURN INBOUND- That point of a
procedure turn maneuver where course reversal has
been completed and an aircraft is established inbound
on the intermediate approach segment or final
approach course. A report of “procedure turn
　
中國航空網 www.k6050.com
航空翻譯 www.aviation.cn
本文鏈接地址：PILOT/CONTROLLER GLOSSARY飛行員/管制員詞匯表(53)