曝光臺 注意防騙 網曝天貓店富美金盛家居專營店坑蒙拐騙欺詐消費者

guidance, expressed in terms of visibility andlor runway
visual range and decision altitudelheight (DAM); and
d) landing in non-precision approach and landing operations,
expressed in terms of visibility and/or runway
visual range, minimum descent altitudelheight
(MDA/H) and, if necessary, cloud conditions.
Aerodrome reference point. The designated geographical
location of an aerodrome.
comply with special identification andlor reporting
procedures additional to those related to the provision of air
traffic services (ATS).
Air taxiway. A defined path on the surface established for the
air taxiing of helicopters.
Air traffic service. A generic term meaning variously, flight
information service, alerting service, air traffic advisory
service, air traffic control service (area control service,
approach control service or aerodrome control service).
Air transit route. A defined path on the surface established for
the air uansitting of helicopters.
Airway. A control area or portion thereof established in
the form of a corridor.
Altitude. The vertical distance of a level, a point or an object
considered as a point, measured from mean sea level
(MSL).
Apron. A defined area, on a land aerodrome, intended to
accommodate aircraft for purposes of loading or unlnading
passengers, mail or cargo, fuelling, parking or maintenance.
Area minimum altitude (AMA). The lowest altitude to be
used under instrument meteorological conditions (IMC)
which will provide a minimum vertical clearance of 300 m
(1 000 ft) or in designated mountainous terrain 600 m
(2 000 ft) above all obstacles located in the area specified,
rounded up to the nearest (next higher) 30 m (100 ft).
Arrival routes. Routes identified in an instrument approach
procedure by which aircraft may proceed from the en-route
phase of flight to an initial approach fix.
ATS route. A specified route designed for channelling the
Aeronautical chart. A representation of a portlon of the earth, flow of traffic as necessary for the provision of air traffic
its culture and relief, specifically designated to meet the services.
requirements of air navigation.
Note I . The term ATS route is used to mean vario~csly,
Aircraft stand. A designated area on an apron intended to be airway, advisory route, cor~trolled or uncontrolled route,
used for parking an aircraft. arrival or departure route, etc.
Air defence identification zone. Specla1 designated airspace of Note 2.- An ATS route is clefined b?. ro~ite.s pec~~ic.crtiotrs
defined dimensions within which aircraft are required to ~,hichin clrrde an ATS rorrte clesigirator. tile frock to or ,from
ANNEX 4 1-1 1/11/01
Annex 4 - Aeronautical Charts Chapter 1
significant points (waypoints), distance betweell significant
points, reporting requirements and, as determined by the
appropriate ATS a~lthorityt,h e lowest safe altitude.
Change-over point. The point at which an aircraft navigating
on an ATS ror~tes egment defined by reference to very high
frequency omnidirectional radio ranges is expected
to transfer its primary navigational reference from the
facility behind the aircraft to the next facility ahead of the
aircraft.
Note.- Change-over points are established to provide the
optimum balance in respect of signal strength and qualip
between facilities at all levels to be used and to ensure a
common source of azimuth guidance for all aircraft operating
along the same portion of a route segment.
Clearway. A defined rectangular area on the ground or water
under the control of the appropriate authority, selected or
prepared as a suitable area over which an aeroplane may
make a portion of its initial climb to a specified height.
Contour line. A line on a map or chart connecting points of
equal elevation.
Culture. All features constructed on the surface of the earth by
man, such as cities, railways, canals, etc.
Cyclic Red~~ndancCyh eck (CRC). A mathematical algorithm
applied to the digital expression of data that provides a
level of assurance against loss or alteration of data.
Danger area. An airspace of defined dimensions within which
activities dangerous to the flight of aircraft may exist at
specified times.
Data quality. A degree or level of confidence that the data
provided meet the requirements of the data user in terms of
accuracy, resolution and integrity.
Displaced threshold. A threshold not located at the extremity
of a runway.
Electronic aeronautical chart display. An electronic device by
which flight crews are enahled to execute, in a convenient
and timely manner, route planning, route monitoring and
　
中國航空網 www.k6050.com
航空翻譯 www.aviation.cn
本文鏈接地址：ICAO 附件4 Aeronautical Charts an04_10ed(9)