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5.1.2  The voice communications to be recorded shall be derived from a receiver in the 
aeronautical station providing 'off-air' signals of the pilot and controller transmissions 
(968). 
5.1.3  Where the voice communications to be recorded are routed via a Voice 
Communications Control System (VCCS) or other air traffic service equipment to the 
recording equipment, the continuity of recording shall be ensured in the event of a 
failure of either the VCCS or air traffic service equipment (969). 
5.1.4  Recommendation: In area coverage systems the output of the voting or selection 
unit should be recorded (970). 
5.1.5  Recommendation: Voice communications derived from appropriate points at the 
controller’s operating position should be recorded (971). 
NOTE: This does not preclude unit management taking recordings at other points in 
the system to facilitate incident/accident investigation. 
5.2  Ground-Ground Communications (Aeronautical Fixed Service) 
5.2.1  Communications within a Flight Information Region 
5.2.1.1  Direct communications between ATS Units, and between ATS Units and appropriate 
Military units shall be recorded (972). 
5.2.1.2  Recommendation: Direct communications which are not already covered should be 
recorded (973). 
5.2.1.3  Guidance: ICAO Annex 11 Air Traffic Services § 6.2.2.2.1 and § 6.2.2.2.2 provide 
information on the communications between ATS Units and other Units which may 
need to be considered. Communications with appropriate emergency services and 
adjacent ATC Units with which co-ordination is necessary should also be considered. 

5.2.2.1  Direct communications between Area Control Centres serving contiguous control areas shall be recorded (974).
5.2.2.2  Direct communications between adjacent Flight Information Centres or Area Control Centres shall be recorded (975).
5.2.2.3  Recommendation: Direct communications between an Approach Control Office/ Aerodrome Control Tower and an Area Control Centre should be recorded (977).
5.2.3  Surface Movement Control Service
5.2.3.1  Surface Movement Control Service Communications, used for the control of vehicles and personnel on the manoeuvring area, shall be recorded (978).
5.2.4  Communications within an Air Traffic Control Unit
5.2.4.1  Recommendation: In order to comply with the ICAO Recommendation (ICAO Annex 11, 13th edition, Amendment 44 (published November 2006), Chapter 3, paragraph 3.3.3), it is recommended that consideration be given by ATC service providers to the introduction of background communication and aural-environment recording at air traffic controller workstations, capable of retaining the information recorded during at least the last twenty-four hours of operation, with the installation of future systems or when major upgrades to existing voice recording systems are carried out.  The CAA intends to consult with industry as to the best means of complying with this Recommendation (2254).
6  Installation
6.1  General
6.1.1  The recording equipment shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s, supplier’s or agent’s instructions so as to ensure correct and reliable operation (980).
6.1.2  Long-term archive/storage facilities shall be constructed, maintained and operated in accordance with the manufacturer’s, supplier’s or agent’s instructions so as to ensure the reliable retention of data for the ICAO minimum requirement of 30 days (981).
6.2  Equipment and Power Supply Configuration
6.2.1  The equipment and power supply configuration shall be such as to ensure the availability of recording, without interruption, when an Air Traffic Service is being provided (982).
　
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