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The FAA is exploring new ways of mining and interpreting safety data with the focus on improving airport safety. Effective October 1, 2007, the FAA changed how it identifies runway incursions by adopting the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) definition and classifying them using ICAO severity categories (slightly modified to be more inclusive). This new definition, which FAA worked with ICAO to develop, broadens the runway incursion definition, provides a greater amount of data to be analyzed, enables worldwide comparison and trend analysis of data and identifies at-risk behaviors and circumstances that might have caused a runway incursion if another aircraft had been present. See Appendix D for more details.
On August 15, 2007, the FAA met with aviation leaders from airlines, airports, air traffic control and pilot unions and aerospace manufacturers under a Call to Action for Runway Safety. The participants agreed upon an ambitious plan that focused on changes in cockpit procedures, airport signage and markings, air traffic procedures and technology. The U.S. aviation community has initiated and completed significant short-term actions while work continues on mid- and long-term goals to improve runway safety at U.S. airports. In January 2008, prompted by several high-visibility runway safety events, there were additional meetings between key officers of all carriers and top FAA safety officials to identify ways to enhance situational awareness on the runway. The top-to-bottom review of the 20 first-tier airports accomplished under the original Call to Action provided valuable data that led to many improvements and a dramatic reduction in serious incursions at those airports. We completed reviews of a second tier of 22 airports in July 2008.
Because of the urgency involved with runway safety, waiting for longer-term technological solutions alone is not practical. The busiest airports have completed low cost, fast turn-around efforts like runway paint and airport signage and efforts continue at smaller airports. The Office of Safety is implementing initiatives in the areas of education, training and awareness that can have an immediate impact, while at the same time pursuing technological efforts that hold promise for the future. These short-term initiatives include the synthesis of radar and audio data from selected actual incidents combined into a training aid for pilots, controllers and airport personnel, creation of video programs to heighten awareness of situations that lead to incursions and attendance at flight and air traffic control training to bring focus to prevention of runway incursions. Cooperative efforts to identify root causes and develop plans to eliminate them or minimize their impact include formation of the Runway Safety Council as well as numerous teams at the local and regional levels. We held three Regional Runway Summits in FY 2008 with plans for a National Summit in FY 2009 and an International Summit in FY 2011.

Education, awareness and training are only the first steps towards the implementation of more permanent technological solutions to aid pilots, controllers and airport operators. In addition to ongoing activities, the Runway Safety Office is increasing staffing in order to provide an effective runway safety program and to respond to the needs of NAS users in an effort to reduce runway incursions to as low a level as practical.
　
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本文鏈接地址：National Runway Safety Plan 2009-2011(4)