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identify these risks and implement controls to reduce them to acceptable levels. The hazard is related to the
actual application of the product. A computer powered by 110 VAC might be very dangerous if not used
as intended. For example, if it were used by a swimming pool, it would be dangerous regardless of the UL
standard that it was manufactured to comply with. Therefore, the use of products manufactured to product
manufacturing standards require the same system safety analysis as developmental items to ensure that they
are manufactured to the correct standard and used in an acceptable manner.
Conformance to codes, requirements, and standards is no assurance of acceptable levels of risk when
performing tasks. Risks should be diagnosed by hazard analysis techniques like the O&SHA. When risks
are identified, they are either eliminated or controlled to an acceptable level by the application of hazard
controls.
FAA System Safety Handbook, Chapter 12: Facilities Safety
December 30, 2000
12-32
Commercial-off-the-shelf, non-developmental items (COTS NDI) pose risks that must be isolated by
formal hazard analysis methods. The use of COTS-NDI does not ensure that the components or systems
that they are used in are OSHA compliant. COTS NDI components cannot be considered as having been
manufactured to any specific standards unless they have been tested by an NRTL. Therefore, the use of
COTS-NDI requires the same system safety analysis as developmental items to ensure that they are
manufactured and used in an acceptable manner.
12.9 Facility and Equipment Decommissioning
During activities associated with the decommissioning of a facility and/or equipment, hazardous materials
may be found. There are numerous federal and state regulations governing the disposal of hazardous
materials and hazardous waste. FAA equipment may contain numerous parts which contain hazardous
materials such as:
·  PCB capacitors and transformers
·  Lead/acid, nickel/cadmium, and lithium batteries
·  Beryllium heat sinks
·  Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) displays containing lead and mercury
·  Printed Circuit Boards (lead)
·  Mercury switches and lights
·  Lead and cadmium paint
·  Asbestos
The identification of hazardous materials in facilities and equipment that have been designated for
disposition. Failure to comply with these regulations can lead to fines, penalties, and other regulatory
actions. As per the Federal Facilities Compliance Act of 1992, states and local authorities may fine and/or
penalize federal officials for not complying with state and local environmental requirements.
Improper disposal of equipment containing hazardous materials would expose the FAA to liability in terms
of regulatory actions and lawsuits (e.g. fines, penalties, and cleanup of waste sites)
There are many regulatory drivers when dealing with hazardous materials disposition. These include:
• Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
• Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
(CERCLA or Superfund)
• Superfund Reauthorization Act (SARA)
FAA System Safety Handbook, Chapter 12: Facilities Safety
December 30, 2000
12-33
• National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)
• Toxic Substance Control Act (TSCA)
• Federal Facilities Compliance Act of 1992 (FFCA)
• Community Environmental Response Facilitation Act (CERFA)
• DOT Shipping Regulations - Hazardous Materials Regulation
• OSHA Regulations (HAZCOM)
• State, local, and tribal laws
• FAA Orders
• Disposal guidance provided in FAA Order 4660.8, Real Property Management and
Disposal
• Disposition guidance contained in FAA Order 4800.2C, Utilization and Disposal of
Excess and Surplus Personal Property
12.10 Related Codes
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Life Safety Code.
The contents of any building or structure are classified as low, ordinary, or high. Low hazard contents are
classified as those of such low combustibility that no self-perpetuating fire therein can occur. Ordinary
hazard contents can be classified as those likely to burn with moderate rapidity or give off a considerable
volume of smoke. High hazard contents shall be classified as those likely to burn with extreme rapidity or
from which explosions are likely.
NFPA National Electrical Code (NEC)
Locations are classified depending on the properties of the flammable vapors, liquids or gases, or
combustible dusts or fibers that may be present in the likelihood that a flammable or combustible
concentration or quantity is present period.
　
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