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LO PRESS
P P P
P
P P
P
P P
P
FUEL
AUX
23°C
APU
23°C
TOTAL FUEL
384OOLBS
146OOLBS
AUX
92OOLBS
146OOLBS
FUEL USED
3OOLBS
LO PRESS
32°C
OLBS
32°C
LO PRESS
: APU starting and
left and right engines
are off.
Note
:
APU on speed and
AC electrics established.
Note
TOP VIEW
LOWER VIEW
APU Feed
Shutoff
Valve
GX_11_020
APU – green outline
indicates on-speed.
For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
11-27
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
FUEL SYSTEM
FUEL RECIRCULATION SYSTEM
The Fuel ReCirculation system is designed to prevent the bulk fuel temperature from
reaching the freezing point by recirculating heated fuel to the wing fuel tank. The
system is operated through the L and R RECIRC switches on the Fuel Control panel
for aircraft equipped with FMQGC models prior to -9.
On -9 FMQGC models and later, recirculation is an automatic ON function. The
FMQGC will turn on recirc when the altitude is > 34,000 feet, AND the bulk
temperature drops below – 20°C, or average temperature drops below – 9°C, and turn
off recirc when the bulk temperature reaches 5°C or altitude is < 33,800 feet, or either
engine is turned off. It will turn both sides on or off at the same time.
Heat is generated by the engine oil cooling system. Cold fuel circulated through the
Fuel Cooled Oil Cooler (FCOC) where the heat from the engine oil is transferred to
the fuel. The Fuel Return To Tank (FRTT) valve allows the heated fuel to return to the
wing fuel tank.
When the FRTT valve is open, fuel returns to the wing tank through the recirculation
line. The recirculation line joins the aft tank transfer line. This slightly decreases the
transfer rate of the aft tank to the feed tanks. Heated fuel is then distributed to the
number 1 and 2 cell of the wing fuel tank. No fuel is distributed to the number 3 cell as
it will have emptied before the local fuel temperature reaches – 40°C (F). Both the
recirculation line and the aft tank transfer line are fitted with a check valve to prevent
crossflow or fuel propagation due to a ruptured line.
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
FUEL SYSTEM
11-28 For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
The wing fuel tanks are fitted with many fuel temperature sensors; the left wing has
two and the right wing has three. With the Fuel Recirculation OFF, the Fuel
Management and Quantity Gauging Computer (FMQGC) reads all temperature
sensors but will display only the lowest temperature. When the Fuel Recirculation
system is ON, the FMQGC computer reads the inboard temperature sensor as it will be
the one who reads the highest temperature.
Operation of the Fuel Recirculation System is allowed only during cruise flight above
34,000 feet.
Display of system status is provided through EICAS messages. A L (R) FUEL
RECIRC FAIL caution message will be displayed on the EICAS status page when the
FRTT valve is not in the commanded or allowed position. The L (R) FUEL RECIRC
ON status message will be displayed when the system operates properly and within
specification on aircraft equipped with FMQGC prior to -9. Aircraft equipped with
FMQGC -9 or later have a L (R) FUEL RECIRC OFF status message associated with
PBA as the recirc function is automatic.
The FUEL HI TEMP caution message is posted when the bulk fuel temperature
exceeds 43°C (FMQGC prior to -9), (+54°C -9 FMQGC and later) when the Fuel
Recirculation System is OFF. To prevent the system from operating above the freezing
level, the set point has been reduced to 0°C (FMQGC prior to -9), (+10°C -9 FMQGC
and later) when the system is selected on.
P
P
P
P
P
P
TS TS
TS
TS
TS
P P
P P
FCOC FCOC
CELL3
CELL2
CELL1
CENTER TANK
Center Transfer Pump
Wing Transfer Shutoff Valve
Auxilliary DC Pump
Bulk Fuel
Temperature
Heated Fuel
Temperature
Sensor TS Fuel-Return-to-Tank
Valve
Recirculation Line
Main AC Pumps
AFT Transfer
Shutoff Valve
AFT TANK
AFT Transfer Line
AFT Transfer Pump
Engine Feed
Shutoff Valve
GX_11_021
For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
11-29
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
FUEL SYSTEM
REFUEL/DEFUEL SYSTEM
Pressure refueling/defueling operations are controlled from the refuel/defuel control
panel. Pressure refueling can be accomplished in “MANUAL” or “AUTO” mode of
　
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