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to be VFR and the IFR flight plan is cancelled
when the aircraft reaches the initial point on the initial
approach portion of the maneuver. (See FIG 5−4−23.)
The existence of a standard overhead maneuver
pattern does not eliminate the possible requirement
for an aircraft to conform to conventional rectangular
patterns if an overhead maneuver cannot be approved.
Aircraft operating to an airport without a
functioning control tower must initiate cancellation
of an IFR flight plan prior to executing the overhead
maneuver. Cancellation of the IFR flight plan must be
accomplished after crossing the landing threshold on
the initial portion of the maneuver or after landing.
Controllers may authorize an overhead maneuver and
issue the following to arriving aircraft:
1. Pattern altitude and direction of traffic. This
information may be omitted if either is standard.
PHRASEOLOGY−
PATTERN ALTITUDE (altitude). RIGHT TURNS.
2. Request for a report on initial approach.
PHRASEOLOGY−
REPORT INITIAL.
3. “Break” information and a request for the
pilot to report. The “Break Point” will be specified if
nonstandard. Pilots may be requested to report
“break” if required for traffic or other reasons.
PHRASEOLOGY−
BREAK AT (specified point).
REPORT BREAK.
FIG 5−4−23
Overhead Maneuver
3 - 5 NM
X X
INITIAL POINT
INITIAL APPROACH
X
ROLL OUT
BREAK POINT
180° TURN
180° TURN

2/17/05 AIM
Pilot/Controller Roles and Responsibilities 5−5−1
Section 5. Pilot/Controller Roles
and Responsibilities
5−5−1. General
a. The roles and responsibilities of the pilot and
controller for effective participation in the ATC
system are contained in several documents. Pilot
responsibilities are in the CFRs and the air traffic
controllers’ are in the FAA Order 7110.65, Air Traffic
Control, and supplemental FAA directives. Additional
and supplemental information for pilots can be
found in the current Aeronautical Information
Manual (AIM), Notices to Airmen, Advisory
Circulars and aeronautical charts. Since there are
many other excellent publications produced by
nongovernment organizations, as well as other
government organizations, with various updating
cycles, questions concerning the latest or most
current material can be resolved by cross-checking
with the above mentioned documents.
b. The pilot−in−command of an aircraft is directly
responsible for, and is the final authority as to the safe
operation of that aircraft. In an emergency requiring
immediate action, the pilot−in−command may
deviate from any rule in the General Subpart A and
Flight Rules Subpart B in accordance with 14 CFR
Section 91.3.
c. The air traffic controller is responsible to give
first priority to the separation of aircraft and to the
issuance of radar safety alerts, second priority to other
services that are required, but do not involve
separation of aircraft and third priority to additional
services to the extent possible.
d. In order to maintain a safe and efficient air
traffic system, it is necessary that each party fulfill
their responsibilities to the fullest.
e. The responsibilities of the pilot and the
controller intentionally overlap in many areas
providing a degree of redundancy. Should one or the
other fail in any manner, this overlapping responsibility
is expected to compensate, in many cases, for
failures that may affect safety.
f. The following, while not intended to be all
inclusive, is a brief listing of pilot and controller
responsibilities for some commonly used procedures
or phases of flight. More detailed explanations are
contained in other portions of this publication, the
appropriate CFRs, ACs and similar publications. The
information provided is an overview of the principles
involved and is not meant as an interpretation of the
rules nor is it intended to extend or diminish
responsibilities.
5−5−2. Air Traffic Clearance
a. Pilot.
1. Acknowledges receipt and understanding of
an ATC clearance.
2. Reads back any hold short of runway
instructions issued by ATC.
3. Requests clarification or amendment, as
appropriate, any time a clearance is not fully
understood or considered unacceptable from a safety
standpoint.
4. Promptly complies with an air traffic
clearance upon receipt except as necessary to cope
with an emergency. Advises ATC as soon as possible
　
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