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for anyone who thought he/she knew everything they
needed to know about driving a vehicle or taxiing an aircraft
airside. Apart from the advice to airport operators and air
traffic control about standard ICAO signage, taxiway markings
and lighting, and the use of correct ATC language, most of
the recommendations contained in the EAPPRI are about the
initial and recurrent training vehicle drivers and pilots need to
acquire and retain the necessary skills to keep airside
movements at airports safe.
In due course, A-SMGCS will bring more efficient surface
movements combined with a safety-net system that adds
another layer of protection against conflict; but it will be
several years before all the major airports have such a system,
let alone the smaller ones. So runway safety remains a
human-centric issue for some time yet.
ATM AND AIRPORTS: CHALLENGES FOR EUROPE
46
THE CAPACITY CRUNCH
New analysis of world economic trends and how they could affect the growth of
international travel has led airports to sound a warning about the implications for
aviation infrastructure. Between 2005 and 2020 airline passenger numbers are
predicted to increase by a compound rate of more than 4 per cent a year (with an even
greater growth in global air cargo in the period). Ian Goold explains
47
he Airports Council International (ACI), representing
operators in Europe and throughout the world, points
out that within 15 years air travel will have expanded,
with some 7.4 billion people flying annually – the equivalent
of every man, woman, and child on earth making at least one
flight every year. Put another way, it means that the world’s
airports will have to be equipped to handle and care for twice
as many customers as now.
But although airports are working out how to meet future
requirements, operators recognise that their plans will fall
short of satisfying demand without a sympathetic atmosphere
in which to conduct business. Here in Europe, which is
expected to have 2 billion air travellers a year by 2020, the
implications are clear. Considering the period to 2025, ACI
EUROPE Director General Roy Griffins warns of an airport
capacity crunch: “Air travellers will soon face widespread
delays as severe congestion and poor service standards cause
chaos at Europe’s main airports.”
In 20 years’ time, more than 60 of the region’s major
airports (which together handle 90 per cent of Europe’s
commercial air travellers) will be seriously congested. By then
the first to feel the pressure on capacity will be the 20 busiest
airports, which are predicted to have become saturated with
“Air travellers will soon
face widespread delays
as severe congestion
and poor service
standards cause chaos at
Europe’s main airports”
T traffic for up to ten hours a day as they try to meet the
increased demand.
Apart from general business trends – which indicate a
strong recovery from the aggravating effects on the global
economic downturn of the 2001 US terrorism attacks, Severe
Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in Asia/Pacific, and the
2003 Iraq war – much of the stimulus to current growth has
arisen from the establishment of the single European market
in the mid-1990s. Air-transport liberalisation has generated a
new airline sector: low-cost carriers, which have started
service at hitherto impossibly attractive fares. The low-cost
airlines have increased existing competition for established
airlines with the result that lower fares all round have put
international air travel within reach of millions more people.
So, European business and leisure travellers are able
increasingly to fly to new places. But this has brought a very
real danger that airports will not be able to expand
sufficiently quickly to accommodate the rising demand for
their services. Building new, or expanding current facilities has
become an increasingly difficult and lengthy undertaking,
according to ACI EUROPE.
Airports fear the industry’s best efforts to pour a quart into
a pint pot could be stifled by regulatory, political, and
ATM AND AIRPORTS: CHALLENGES FOR EUROPE
49
environmental barriers to expansion and improvement. They
want a climate that provides a commercial incentive to speed
up new air-traffic control infrastructure and airport
construction. But research that takes account of both
unlimited demand and expected constraints to future airport
and airspace capacity increases has concluded that facilities
will be insufficient to meet demand without economic
　
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