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see Annex 12.
1.1 Distress signals
The following signals, used either together or separately, mean
that grave and imminent danger threatens, and immediate
assistance is requested:
a) a signal made by radiotelegraphy or by any other
signalling method consisting of the group SOS
(. . .———. . . in the Morse Code);
b) a radiotelephony distress signal consisting of the spoken
word MAYDAY;
c) a distress message sent via data link which transmits the
intent of the word MAYDAY;
d) rockets or shells throwing red lights, fired one at a time
at short intervals;
e) a parachute flare showing a red light.
Note.— Article 41 of the ITU Radio Regulations (Nos. 3268,
3270 and 3271 refer) provides information on the alarm signals
for actuating radiotelegraph and radiotelephone auto-alarm
systems:
3268 The radiotelegraph alarm signal consists of a
series of twelve dashes sent in one minute, the duration of
each dash being four seconds and the duration of the
interval between consecutive dashes one second. It may be
transmitted by hand but its transmission by means of an
automatic instrument is recommended.
3270 The radiotelephone alarm signal consists of two
substantially sinusoidal audio frequency tones transmitted
alternately. One tone shall have a frequency of 2 200 Hz
and the other a frequency of 1 300 Hz, the duration of each
tone being 250 milliseconds.
3271 The radiotelephone alarm signal, when generated
by automatic means, shall be sent continuously for a period
of at least thirty seconds but not exceeding one minute;
when generated by other means, the signal shall be sent as
continuously as practicable over a period of approximately
one minute.
1.2 Urgency signals
1.2.1 The following signals, used either together or
separately, mean that an aircraft wishes to give notice of
difficulties which compel it to land without requiring
immediate assistance:
a) the repeated switching on and off of the landing lights;
or
b) the repeated switching on and off of the navigation
lights in such manner as to be distinct from flashing
navigation lights.
1.2.2 The following signals, used either together or
separately, mean that an aircraft has a very urgent message to
transmit concerning the safety of a ship, aircraft or other
vehicle, or of some person on board or within sight:
a) a signal made by radiotelegraphy or by any other
signalling method consisting of the group XXX;
b) a radiotelephony urgency signal consisting of the spoken
words PAN, PAN;
c) an urgency message sent via data link which transmits
the intent of the words PAN, PAN.
5/11/98
No. 34
Annex 2 — Rules of the Air Appendix 1
14/11/91 22
2. SIGNALS FOR USE IN THE EVENT OF INTERCEPTION
2.1 Signals initiated by intercepting aircraft and responses by intercepted aircraft
2.2 Signals initiated by intercepted aircraft and responses by intercepting aircraft
Series INTERCEPTING Aircraft Signals Meaning INTERCEPTED Aircraft Responds Meaning
1 DAY or NIGHT — Rocking aircraft and
flashing navigational lights at irregular
intervals (and landing lights in the case of a
helicopter) from a position slightly above and
ahead of, and normally to the left of, the
intercepted aircraft (or to the right if the
intercepted aircraft is a helicopter) and, after
acknowledgement, a slow level turn, normally
to the left, (or to the right in the case of a
helicopter) on the desired heading.
Note 1.— Meteorological conditions or
terrain may require the intercepting aircraft to
reverse the positions and direction of turn
given above in Series 1.
Note 2.— If the intercepted aircraft is not
able to keep pace with the intercepting aircraft,
the latter is expected to fly a series of racetrack
patterns and to rock the aircraft each
time it passes the intercepted aircraft.
You have
been
intercepted.
Follow me.
DAY or NIGHT — Rocking aircraft, flashing
navigational lights at irregular intervals and
following.
Note.— Additional action required to be
taken by intercepted aircraft is prescribed in
Chapter 3, 3.8.
Understood,
will comply.
2 DAY or NIGHT — An abrupt break-away
manoeuvre from the intercepted aircraft
consisting of a climbing turn of 90 degrees or
more without crossing the line of flight of the
intercepted aircraft.
You may
proceed.
DAY or NIGHT — Rocking the aircraft. Understood,
will comply.
3 DAY or NIGHT — Lowering landing gear (if
　
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