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take-off area lights and lift-off area perimeter lights
aiming point lights
Chapter 5
5.3.4.4 The light units shall be frangible and mounted as
low as possible.
5.3.4.5 Where the lights of the system need to be seen as
discrete sources, light units shall be located such that at the
extremes of system coverage the angle subtended between
units as seen by the pilot shall not be less than 3 minutes of
arc.
5.3.4.6 The angles subtended between light units of the
system and other units of comparable or greater intensities
shall also be not less than 3 minutes of arc.
Note.- Requirements of 5.3.4.5 and 5.3.4.6 can be met for
lights on a line normal to the line of sight ifthe light units are
separated by 1 metre for every kilometre of viewing range.
Annex 14 - Aerodromes
Signal formal
5.3.4.7 The signal format of the alignment guidance
system shall include a minimum of three discrete signal
sectors providing "offset to the right", "on track" and "offset
to the left" signals.
5.3.4.8 The divergence of the "on track sector of the
system shall be as shown in Figure 5- 1 1.
5.3.4.9 The signal format shall be such that there is no
possibility of confusion between the system and any associated
visual approach slope indicator or other visual aids.
5.3.4.10 The system shall avoid the use of the same
coding as any associated visual approach slope indicator.
Figure 5-10. Approach lighting system
Figure 5-1 1. Divergence of the "on track" sector
41
a
FAT0
Example A
FAT0 --- 6
Example B
Annex 14 - Aerodromes Volume II
5.3.4.1 1 The signal format shall be such that the system
is unique and conspicuous in all operational environments.
5.3.4.12 The system shall not significantly increase the
pilot workload.
Light dktribution
5.3.4.13 The useable coverage of the visual alignment
guidance system shall be equal to or better than that of the
visual approach slope indicator system, with which it is
associated.
5.3.4.14 A suitable intensity control shall be provided so
as to allow adjustment to meet the prevailing conditions and to
avoid dazzling the pilot during approach and landing.
Approach track and azimuth setting
5.3.4.15 A visual alignment guidance system shall be
capable of adjustment in azimuth to within + 5 minutes of arc
of the desired approach path.
5.3.4.16 The angle of azimuth guidance system shall be
such that during an approach the pilot of a helicopter at the
boundary of the "on track" signal will clear all objects in the
approach area by a safe margin.
5.3.4.17 The characteristics of the obstacle protection
surface specified in 5.3.5.23, Table 5-1 and Figure 5-13 shall
equally apply to the system.
Characteristics of the visual aligrtmertt
guidance system
5.3.4.18 In the event of the failure of any component
affecting the signal format the system shall be automatically
switched off.
5.3.4.19 The light units shall be so designed that deposits
of condensation, ice, dirt, etc. on optically transmitting or
reflecting surfaces will interfere to the least possible extent
with the light signal and will not cause spurious or false
signals to be generated.
5.3.5 Visual approach slope indicator
Application
5.3.5.1 Recommendation.- A visual approach slope
indicator should be provided to serve the approach to a
lzcliport, whether or not the heliport is served by other visual
approach aids or by non-visual aids, where one or more of the
following conditions exist especially at night:
a) obstacle clearance, noise abatement or traffic control
procedures require a particular slope to be flown;
b) the environment of the heliport provides few visual
su$ace cues; and
c) the characteristics of the helicopter require a stabilized
approach.
5.3.5.2 The standard visual approach slope indicator
systems for helicopter operations shall consist of the
following:
a) PAP1 and APAPI systems conforming to the
specifications contained in Annex 14, Volume 1,5.3.5.23
to 5.3.5.40 inclusive except that the angular size of the
on-slope sector of the systems shall be increased to
45 minutes; or
b) helicopter approach path indicator (HAPI) system
conforming to the specifications in 5.3.5.6 to 5.3.5.21
inclusive.
5.3.5.3 A visual approach slope indicator shall be located
such that a helicopter is guided to the desired position within
the final approach and take-off area and so as to avoid
dazzling the pilot during final approach and landing.
　
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