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NORTH ATLANTIC MNPSA OPERATIONS MANUAL CHAPTER 6
NAT MNPS 27 Edition 2009
Chapter 6: Communications and Position Reporting Procedures
6.1 ATS COMMUNICATIONS
HF Voice Communications
6.1.1 Most NAT air/ground communications are conducted on single side-band HF frequencies. Pilots communicate with OACs via aeradio stations staffed by communicators who have no executive ATC authority. Messages are relayed from the ground station to the air traffic controllers in the relevant OAC for action.
6.1.2 In the North Atlantic Region there are six aeronautical radio stations, one associated with each of the Oceanic Control Areas. They are: Bodo Radio (Norway, Bodo ACC), Gander Radio (Canada, Gander OACC), Iceland Radio (Iceland, Reykjavik ACC), New York Radio (USA, New York OACC), Santa Maria Radio (Portugal, Santa Maria OACC) and Shanwick Radio (Ireland, Shanwick OACC). However, the aeradio stations and OACs are not necessarily co-located. For example, in the case of Shanwick operations, the OAC is located at Prestwick in Scotland whilst the associated aeradio station is at Ballygirreen in the Republic of Ireland. In addition to those six aeronautical stations, there are two other stations that operate NAT frequencies. They are Canarias Radio which serves Canarias ACC and Arctic Radio serving Edmonton, Winnipeg and Montreal ACC‟s.
6.1.3 To support air/ground ATC communications in the North Atlantic Region, twenty-four HF frequencies have been allocated, in bands ranging from 2.8 to 18 MHz. There are a number of factors which affect the optimum frequency for communications over a specific path. The most significant is the diurnal variation in intensity of the ionisation of the refractive layers of the ionosphere. Hence frequencies from the lower HF bands tend to be used for communications during night-time and those from the higher bands during day-time. Generally in the North Atlantic frequencies of less than 7 MHz are utilised at night and frequencies of greater than 8 MHz during the day. The 24 NAT frequencies are organized into six groups known as Families. The families are identified as NAT Family A, B, C, D, E and F. Each Family contains a range of frequencies from each of the HF frequency bands. A number of stations share families of frequencies and co-operate as a network to provide the required geographical and time of day coverage.. A full listing of the frequency hours of operation of each NAT aeradio station is contained in the “HF Management Guidance Material for the NAT Region” – ICAO NAT Doc.003 (Appendices C- 1 thru 6), available via the ICAO EUR/NAT website at www.paris.icao.int/ . Each Family is designated for use by aircraft of specific States of Registry and according to the route to be flown. NAT ATS provider State AIPs list the families of frequencies to be used.
6.1.4 Each individual aircraft is normally allocated a primary and a secondary HF frequency, either when it receives its clearance or by domestic controllers shortly before the oceanic boundary.
6.1.5 When initiating contact with an aeradio station the pilot should state the HF frequency in use. HF Radio operators usually maintain a listening watch on more than one single frequency. Identification by the calling pilot of the particular frequency being used is helpful to the radio operator.
SELCAL
6.1.6 When using HF communications and even when using ADS and/or CPDLC, pilots should maintain a listening watch on the assigned frequency, unless SELCAL is fitted, in which case they should ensure the following sequence of actions:
NORTH ATLANTIC MNPSA OPERATIONS MANUAL CHAPTER 6
NAT MNPS 28 Edition 2009
a) provision of the SELCAL code in the flight plan; (any subsequent change of aircraft for a flight will require passing the new SELCAL information to the OAC);
b) checking the operation of the SELCAL equipment, at or prior to entry into Oceanic airspace, with the appropriate aeradio station. (This SELCAL check must be completed prior to commencing SELCAL watch); and
c) maintenance thereafter of a SELCAL watch
6.1.7 It is important to note that it is equally essential to comply with the foregoing SECAL provisions even if ADS and/or CPDLC are being used for routine air/ground ATS communications. This will ensure that ATC has a means of contacting the aircraft even if data communications fail.
Twelve Tone SELCAL
6.1.8 Flight management staffs and crews of aircraft equipped with 12-tone SELCAL equipment should be made aware that SELCAL code assignment is predicated on the usual geographical area of operation of that aircraft. If the aircraft is later flown in geographical areas other than as originally specified by the aircraft operator, the aircraft may encounter a duplicate SELCAL code situation. Whenever an aircraft is to be flown routinely beyond the area of normal operations or is changed to a new geographic operating area, the aircraft operator should contact the SELCAL Registrar and request a SELCAL code appropriate for use in the new area.
　
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