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(r) Financial guarantees issued, provisions and contingent liabilities
(i) Financial guarantees issued
Financial guarantees are contracts that require the issuer (i.e. the guarantor) to make specified payments to reimburse the beneficiary of the guarantee (the “holder”) for a loss the holder incurs because a specified debtor fails to make payment when due in accordance with the terms of a debt instrument.
Where the Group issues a financial guarantee, the fair value of the guarantee (being the transaction price, unless the
fair value can otherwise be reliably estimated) is initially recognised as deferred income within trade and other payables.
Where consideration is received or receivable for the issuance of the guarantee, the consideration is recognised in accordance with the Group’s policies applicable to that category of asset. Where no such consideration is received or receivable, an immediate expense is recognised in profit or loss on initial recognition of any deferred income.
The amount of the guarantee initially recognised as deferred income is amortised in profit or loss over the term of the guarantee as income from financial guarantees issued. In addition, provisions are recognised in accordance with Note 2(r)(ii) if and when (i) it becomes probable that the holder of the guarantee will call upon the Group under the guarantee, and (ii) the amount of that claim on the Group is expected to exceed the amount currently carried in trade and other payables in respect of that guarantee i.e. the amount initially recognised, less accumulated amortisation.
(ii) Provisions and contingent liabilities
Provisions are recognised for other liabilities of uncertain timing or amount when the Group or the Company has a legal
or constructive obligation arising as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will
be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made. Where the time value of money is material, provisions are stated at the present value of the expenditures expected to settle the obligation.
Where it is not probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required, or the amount cannot be estimated
reliably, the obligation is disclosed as a contingent liability, unless the probability of outflow of economic benefits is remote. Possible obligations, whose existence will only be confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more future events are also disclosed as contingent liabilities unless the probability of outflow of economic benefits is remote.
CHINA SOUTHERN AIRLINES COMPANY LIMITED • ANNUAL REPORT 2009
66 Notes to the Financial Statements
(Prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards)
(Expressed in Renminbi)
2 Principal accounting policies (cont’d)
(s) Defeasance of long-term liabilities
Where long-term liabilities have been defeased by the placement of security deposits, those liabilities and deposits (and
　
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