曝光臺 注意防騙 網曝天貓店富美金盛家居專營店坑蒙拐騙欺詐消費者

A.3 ICAO Documents
A.3.1 ICAO PANS RAC Doc.4444 (Part VI) :
(...)The implementation of procedures is the responsibility of Contracting States; they are applied in actual operations only after, and in so far, States have enforced them. (...)
(...)PANS-RAC (Doc 4444) does not carry the status afforded to Standards adopted by the Council as Annexes to the Convention, and therefore, do not come within the obligation imposed by Article 38 of the Convention to notify differences in the vent of non-implementation. (...)
(...)No clearance shall be given to execute any manoeuvre that would reduce the spacing between two aircraft to less than the separation minimum applicable in the circumstances. (...)
(...)Where the type of separation or minimum used to separate two aircraft cannot be maintained, action shall be taken to ensure that another type of separation or another minimum exists or is established prior to the time when the previously used separation would become insufficient. (...)
(...)The use of radar to provide air traffic services shall be limited to specified areas of radar coverage, and shall be subject to such other limitations as have been specified by the appropriate ATS authority(...)
(...)The number of aircraft simultaneously provided with radar services shall not exceed that which can safely be handled under the prevailing circumstances, taking into account :
a) the degree of reliability and availability of the back-up facilities of the radar and the communication system in use;
b)  the capabilities and skill of the controller;
c)  the number of radar positions observed on the radar display within the sector or area of responsibility of the radar controller; and
d)  the possibility of a radar equipment failure or other emergency that would eventually require reverting to back-up facilities and/or establishment of non-radar separation. (...)
(...)To ensure the safe and efficient use of SSR, pilots and controllers shall strictly adhere to published operating procedures. (...)
(...)The radar controller shall be satisfied that the information presented on the radar display(s) is adequate for the functions to be performed. (...)
(...)A radar unit shall normally communicate with an aircraft on the frequency appropriate to the function to be performed. (...)
 (...)Before providing radar services to an aircraft, radar identification shall be established. thereafter, radar identification shall be maintained until termination of the radar service.(...)
(...)Radar separation shall only be applied between identified aircraft when there is reasonable assurance that identification will be maintained. (...)
(...) 7.4.1. Unless otherwise prescribed in accordance with 7.4.2, 7.4.3 or 7.4.4, or Part IV with respect to independent and dependent parallel approaches, the horizontal radar separation minimum shall be 9.3 km (5.0 NM).
7.4.2 The radar separation minimum in 7.4.1 may, if so prescribed by the appropriate ATS authority be reduced, but not below a)5.6 km (3.0 NM) when radar capabilities at a given location so permit; and b) 4.6 km (2.5 NM) between succeeding aircraft which are established on the same final approach track within 18.5 km (10NM) of the runway end. A reduced separation minimum of 4.6 km (2.5NM) may be applied, provided (....)
7.4.3 The radar separation minimum or minima to be applied shall be described by the appropriate ATS authority according to the capability of the particular radar system or sensor to accurately identify the aircraft position in relation to the centre of the RPS, PSR blip or SSR response and taking into account factors which may affect the accuracy of the radar -derived information, such as aircraft range from the radar site.
7.4.4 The following wake turbulence radar separation minima shall be applied (...)
(...) the transfer of radar control of aircraft between adjacent control positions or between two adjacent ATS units may be effected, provided that (...)
　
中國航空網 www.k6050.com
航空翻譯 www.aviation.cn
本文鏈接地址：GUIDELINES FOR THE APPLICATION OF THE ECAC RADAR SEPARATION(16)