1.3 VS0.

(c)
For commuter categoryairplanes, the referencelanding approach speed, VREF, must notbeless than thegreater of1.05 VMC,determinedinSec.23.149(c), and1.3 VS0.]

Amdt. 23-50, E.. 03/11/96
FAR23.75 :Landing[distance.]
[Thehorizontaldistance necessarytoland and cometo a complete stop from apoint 50feet above the landing surface must be determined, for standard temperatures at each weight and altitude within the operational limits established for landing, as follows :
(a)
A steady approach at not less than VREF, determined in accordance with Sec. 23.73(a),(b), or(c), as appropriate, mustbe maintaineddown to the50footheight and–]

(1)
The steady approach must be at a gradient of descent not greater than 5.2 percent(3')down to the 50 foot height.

(2)
In addition, an applicant may demonstrate by tests that a maximum steady approach gradient steeper than 5.2 percent, down to the 50 foot height, is safe. The gradient must be established as an operating limitation and the information necessary to display the gradient must be available to the pilot by an appropriate instrument.

(b)
[Aconstant con.guration must be maintained throughout the maneuver.]

(c)
The landing must be made without excessive vertical acceleration or tendency to bounce, nose over,groundloop,porpoise, or waterloop.

(d)
[It must be shown that a safe transition to the balked landing conditions of Sec. 23.77canbe madefrom the conditions that exist at the50-footheight, at maximum landing weight, oratthe maximumlanding weightfor altitude and temperature of Sec.23.63(c)(2) or(d)(2), as appropriate.

(e)
The brakes must be used so as to not cause excessive wear of brakes or tires.

(f)
Retardation means other than wheel brakes may be used if that means–

(1)
Is safe and reliable; and

(2)
Is used so that consistent results can be expected in service.]

(g)
If any device is used that depends on the operation of any engine, and the landing distance would be increased when a landing is made with that engine inoperative, the landing distance must be determined with that engine inoperative unless the use of other compensating means will result in a landing distance not more than that with each engine operating.

Amdt. 23-50, E.. 03/11/96
FAR 23.77 : Balked landing.
(a)
[Eachnormal, utility, and acrobatic category reciprocating engine-powered airplane of6,000pounds orless maximum weight mustbe able to maintain a steadygradient of climb at sea level of at least 3.3 percent with–

(1)
Takeo.power on each engine;

(2)
Thelandinggear extended;

(3)
The wing .aps in the landing position, except that if the .aps may safely be retracted in two seconds or less without loss of altitude and without sudden changes of angle of attack, they may be retracted; and

(4)
A climb speed equal to VREF, as de.ned in Sec. 23.73(a).

(b)
Each normal, utility, and acrobatic category reciprocating engine-powered airplane of more than 6,000 pounds maximum weight and each normal, utility, and acro-batic category turbine engine-powered airplane must be able to maintain a steady gradient of climb of atleast2.5percent with–

(1)
Not more than the power that is available on each engine eight seconds after initiation of movement of the power controls from the minimum .ight idle position;

(2)
Thelandinggear extended;

(3)
Thewing .apsinthelandingposition; and

(4)
A climb speed equal to VREF, as de.ned in Sec. 23.73(b).

(c)
Each commuter category airplane must be able to maintain a steady gradient of climb of atleast3.2percent with–

(1)
Not more than the power that is available on each engine eight seconds af-ter initiation of movement of the power controls from minimum .ight idle position;
　
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本文鏈接地址：FAA規章 美國聯邦航空規章 Federal Aviation Regulations 1(129)