曝光臺 注意防騙 網曝天貓店富美金盛家居專營店坑蒙拐騙欺詐消費者

surveyed
1 × 10-3
routine
Distance measuring equipment (DME), elevation . . . . 30 m (100 ft)
surveyed
1 × 10-5
essential
Instrument approach procedures altitude . . . . . . . . . . . as specified in PANS-OPS
(Doc 8168)
1 × 10-5
essential
Minimum altitudes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 m or 100 ft
calculated
1 × 10-3
routine
Annex 11 — Air Traffic Services Appendix 5
1/11/01 APP 5-2
Table 3. Declination and magnetic variation
Table 4. Bearing
Table 5. Length/distance/dimension
Declination/variation
Accuracy
Data type
Integrity
Classification
VHF NAVAID station declination used for
technical line-up. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 degree
surveyed
1 × 10-5
essential
NDB NAVAID magnetic variation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 degree
surveyed
1 × 10-3
routine
Bearing
Accuracy
Data type
Integrity
Classification
Airway segments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1/10 degree
calculated
1 × 10-3
routine
En-route and terminal fix formations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1/10 degree
calculated
1 × 10-3
routine
Terminal arrival/departure route segments . . . . . . . . . . 1/10 degree
calculated
1 × 10-3
routine
Instrument approach procedure fix formations. . . . . . . 1/100 degree
calculated
1 × 10-5
essential
Length/distance/dimension
Accuracy
Data type
Integrity
Classification
Airway segments length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1/10 km or 1/10 NM
calculated
1 × 10-3
routine
En-route fix formations distance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1/10 km or 1/10 NM
calculated
1 × 10-3
routine
Terminal arrival/departure route segments length . . . . 1/100 km or 1/100 NM
calculated
1 × 10-5
essential
Terminal and instrument approach procedure
fix formations distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1/100 km or 1/100 NM
calculated
1 × 10-5
essential
ANNEX 11 ATT A-1 1/11/01
ATTACHMENT A. MATERIAL RELATING TO A METHOD
OF ESTABLISHING ATS ROUTES DEFINED BY VOR
(Paragraph 2.7.1 and Section 2.11 refer)
1. Introduction
1.1 The guidance material in this Attachment results from
comprehensive studies, carried out in Europe in 1972 and the
United States in 1978, which were in general agreement.
Note.— Details of the European studies are contained in
Circular 120 — Methodology for the Derivation of Separation
Minima Applied to the Spacing between Parallel Tracks in
ATS Route Structures.
1.2 In applying the guidance material in 3 and 4, it should
be recognized that the data on which it is based are generally
representative of navigation using VOR meeting the full
requirements of Doc 8071 — Manual on Testing of Radio
Navigation Aids, Volume I. Any additional factors, such as
those due to particular operational requirements, frequency of
aircraft passings or information available regarding the actual
track-keeping performance of aircraft within a given portion of
airspace should be taken into account.
1.3 Attention is also invited to the basic assumptions in
4.2 and to the fact that the values given in 4.1 represent a
conservative approach. Before applying these values, account
should therefore be taken of any practical experience gained in
the airspace under consideration, as well as the possibility of
achieving improvements in the overall navigation performance
of aircraft.
1.4 States are encouraged to keep ICAO fully informed of
the results of the application of this guidance material.
2. Determination of VOR system
performance values
The large variability of the values which are likely to be
associated with each of the factors that make up the total VOR
system, and the limitation of presently available methods to
measure all these effects individually with the required
precision, have led to the conclusion that an assessment of the
total system error provides a more realistic method for
determining the VOR system performance. The material
contained in 3 and 4 should be applied only after study of
Circular 120 especially with respect to the environmental
conditions.
Note.— Guidance material on overall VOR system accuracy
is also contained in Annex 10, Volume I, Attachment C.
3. Determination of
　
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