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wingspan wingspan /wŋspn/ noun a measurement
from the tip of one wing to the
tip of the other wing
The wingspan of
the aircraft is 7 metres.
wing tip wing tip /wŋ tp/ noun the outermost
part of the wing
As an aircraft
takes off, the forces on the wing tip and
wing surfaces start reversing direction
and instead of being only downward
forces of weight, they become upward
forces of lift.
wipe wipe /wap/ verb to clean or to dry by
using a cloth
In the event of hydraulic
fluid spillage on paintwork, the affected
area should be wiped clean immediately.
wiper wiper /wapə/ noun a device with a
rubber blade which clears rain, snow,
etc., from a windscreen
In some circumstances,
such as heavy rainstorms,
the windscreen wipers may not be able
to cope and pilot’s visibility is impaired.
wire wire /waə/ noun metal drawn out into
the form of a thread or string
While
the shunt coil is made of fine wire which
gives a high resistance and small current
flow, the series coil is made of thick
wire, which gives a low resistance and
large current flow.
wire mesh wire mesh /waə meʃ/ noun metal
sheeting made of criss-crossed wiring
withdraw withdraw /wð|drɔ/ verb to pull
back, to draw back
Instructions are
given to the cabin crew to arm the
escape devices immediately the boarding
steps or airbridges are withdrawn.
(NOTE: withdrew – withdrawn)
within within /w|ðn/ preposition in or
inside
Great care must be taken to
ensure that the aircraft operates within
regulated or permissible weight limits.
 within two hours in about two hours
or less, but not more
withstand withstand /wð|stnd/ verb to resist
or bear
Wings must be capable of not
only withstanding the aircraft weight,
but also the stresses and strains which
are imposed during flight.
WMO WMO abbreviation World Meteorological
Organization
work work /w%k/ noun 1. the operation of a
force to produce movement or some
other physical change
1 horsepower is
defined as 33,000 foot-pounds of work
accomplished in one minute (a footpound
being the ability to lift a one
pound weight a distance of one foot). 2.
something which has to be done, e.g.
maintenance
Work is being carried
out on the auxiliary power unit (APU).
3. something done to earn a living
She
enjoys her work as an airport security
officer.  verb 1. to operate, to function
 the computer doesn’t work the computer
doesn’t operate as it should do
because there is something wrong with
it 2. to do something such as maintenance

Engineers worked on the aircraft
all night. 3. to do something to
earn a living
She works for a large airline.
4.  to work out to calculate, to
solve a mathematical problem
Aircraft
performance is a function of
weight and therefore it is important that
you can work out weight from volume
and vice-versa.
working conditions working conditions /w%kŋ kən|
dʃ(ə)nz/ plural noun those aspects of
working lives which affect the way people
feel about their work
work load work load /w%k ləυd/ noun the
share of work done by a person, system
or device
WPWP abbreviation waypoint
XYZ
X-ray X-ray /eks re/ noun 1. a ray with a
very short wavelength, which is invisible,
but can go through soft tissue or
material and register as a photograph on
a film 2. a photograph taken using Xrays
 verb to take an X-ray photograph
of luggage
yard yard /jɑd/ noun a unit of length in the
US and British Imperial Systems equal
to 3 ft or 0.9144 m. Abbreviation yd
yaw yaw /jɔ/ noun rotation of the aircraft
around its vertical axis
Three-axis
control of roll, pitch and yaw is effected
by ailerons, elevators and rudder. 
verb to rotate around the vertical axis

Single-engine, propeller-driven aircraft
tend to yaw on take-off.
yoke yoke /jəυk/ noun 1. a type of aircraft
control column by which the pilot controls
ailerons by rotating a device on top
of the column to the left or right

Rotate the yoke to the left to roll the aircraft
to the left. 2. a supporting structure
like the forked metal mounting for the
nosewheel
The yoke was damaged in
the incident.
ZZ abbreviation Zulu time
zero zero /zərəυ/ noun nought or the figure
　
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