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no time for a meal to be served to the
passengers. 2. the distance of the flight
in nautical miles or kilometres
The
length of the flight is 100nm.
lengthen /leŋθən/ verb to make long
or longer
The mercury column shortens
when cooled and, due to expansion,
lengthens when heated. Opposite
shorten
lengthwise lengthwise /leŋθwaz/ adjective,
adverb along the length of something

in a lengthwise direction
lengthy lengthy /leŋθi/ adjective 1. long,
extensive
He wrote a lengthy report.
2. long, which lasts for a long time
(NOTE: Lengthy often suggests a meeting
or explanation which is longer than
necessary and therefore uninteresting.)
 lengthy meeting a long meeting 
lengthy explanation a long explanation
lens lens /lenz/ noun a normally round
piece of glass with curved surfaces
found in microscopes, telescopes, cameras,
spectacles, etc.
lens-shaped cloud lens-shaped cloud /lenz ʃept
klaυd/, lenticular cloud /len|tkjυlə
klaυd/ noun cloud with slightly outwardly-
curved upper and lower surfaces
lessen lessen /les(ə)n/ verb to make less

Reverse thrust is used to lessen the
loads on brakes and tyres.
Clean filters
lessen the possibility of blockage.
letdown letdown /letdaυn/ noun the descent
of an aircraft in preparation for landing,
before the actual landing approach
level level /lev(ə)l/ adjective 1.  level with
at the same height or position as something
else
In most light aircraft, the
aeroplane will be in a climb if the
engine cowling is level with the horizon.
2. having a flat, smooth surface  a level
runway a runway without bumps, etc.
3. on a horizontal plane 4. steady, referring
to something with no sudden
changes  speak in a level voice do not
raise and lower the sound of your voice
 the level tone of an engine the
unchanging sound of an engine  level
head clear thinking
It is essential that
the crew keeps a level head in an emergency.
 noun 1. a position along a vertical
axis
ground level
reference
level
The tropopause is the level at
which the lapse rate ceases to be so
important.  the fluid level in the reservoir
the point where the surface of
the fluid reaches up to  high-level
cloud high-altitude cloud 2. a position
on a scale
an advanced level of study
3. a relative amount, intensity, or con-
level off 136
centration
an unsafe level of contamination

a reduced level of noise
A gas
turbine engine has an extremely low
vibration level.
level off level off /lev(ə)l ɒf/ verb to start to
fly level with the ground after climbing
or descending, or make an aircraft do
this
lever lever /livə/ noun 1. a device with a
rigid bar balanced on a fixed point and
used to transmit force, as in raising a
weight at one end by pushing down on
the other
Push the lever fully up to
activate the brake mechanism.
Push
the button to release the lever. 2. a handle
used to adjust or operate a mechanism

throttle lever
undercarriage
selector lever
Feathering is accomplished
by moving the pilot’s control
lever.  verb to move as with a lever

The door would not open so the emergency
services had to lever it open with
specialised equipment.
LFLF abbreviation low frequency
licence licence /las(ə)ns/ noun a document
which is proof of official permission to
do or to own something
COMMENT: Each licence has its own
specific requirements and privileges.
In the UK, one of the fundamental
differences between a Private Pilot’s
Licence and other types of licence is
that the holder of a PPL is not allowed
to fly for ‘hire or reward’, i.e. the pilot
cannot receive payment for flying.
licence holder licence holder /las(ə)ns həυldə/
noun 1. a person who has a licence 2. a
leather case, etc., in which to keep the
licence document
license license /las(ə)ns/ noun US same as
licence  verb to give somebody a
licence or official permission to do or to
own something
lie lie /la/ verb 1. to be in a flat position,
often horizontal
Seat rails are
attached to the floor beams and lie level
with the flooring. 2. to be situated

Great circles are represented by curves
which lie on the polar side of the rhumb
line. (NOTE: Care should be taken with
　
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