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when dry or unsaturated air rises, its
rate of fall of temperature with height
(i.e. lapse rate) is constant at 3°C per
1,000 feet. Similarly, descending air
warms by compression at that rate.
This dry adiabatic lapse rate is
normally referred to as the DALR. Air
rising and cooling often reaches its
dew point temperature, becomes
saturated and any further cooling
results in condensation and the
release of latent heat. Release of
latent heat delays the cooling process
and the lapse rate at low levels is
reduced to 1.5°C per 1,000 feet. This
temperature change is called the
saturated adiabatic lapse rate and is
normally referred to as the SALR.
largely largely /lɑd"li/ adverb mainly,
mostly
Heat is transferred from the
Earth’s surface upwards largely by convection.

The southern hemisphere
consists largely of oceans.
laser ring gyro laser ring gyro /lezə rŋ d"arəυ/
noun an instrument that uses beams of
laser light in a closed circuit to detect
whether something is level or not
last last /lɑst/ adjective coming or placed
after all the others  verb 1. to continue
for a period of time
A gust is a sudden
increase in wind speed above the average
speed lasting only a few seconds. 2.
to stay in good or usable condition
A
piston engine lasts longer if it is handled
carefully and serviced regularly.

the last chapter 1. the final chapter in
a book 2. the chapter before the one
being read
latent heat latent heat /let(ə)nt hit/ noun
heat taken in or given out when a solid
changes into a liquid or vapour, or when
a liquid changes into a vapour at a constant
temperature and pressure  latent
heat of fusion the quantity of heat
required to convert ice, at its melting
point, into liquid at the same temperature
 latent heat of vaporization the
quantity of heat required to convert liquid
to vapour at the same temperature 
latent heat of sublimation the quantity
of heat required to convert ice to vapour
at the same temperature
lateral lateral /lt(ə)rəl/ adjective referring
to the side
Drift is the lateral movement
of the aircraft caused by the wind.
lateral axis lateral axis /lt(ə)rəl kss/ noun
the axis of the aircraft from wing tip to
wing tip about which the aircraft
pitches up and down.
axis, pitch
latitude latitude /lttjud/ noun the angular
distance north or south of the Earth’s
equator, measured in degrees, minutes
and seconds, along a meridian, as on a
map or chart, etc.
Parallels of latitude
are imaginary circles on the surface of
the Earth, their planes being parallel to
the plane of the equator.
The centre of
London is latitude 51°30’N, longitude
0°5’W. Compare longitude
latter latter /ltə/ adjective referring to
something coming at the end or finish 
the latter part of the take-off run the
part of the take-off run immediately
before the aircraft leaves the ground 
noun the second of two things mentioned
earlier. Opposite former  of the
launch 134
Airbus A320 and A340, the latter is
the larger aircraft the A340 is the
larger of the two
launch launch /lɔntʃ/ noun a small boat
often used to transport people from a
larger boat or ship to the shore  verb 1.
to slide or drop a boat into the water to
make it ready for use
While passengers
are fitting life jackets, crew will
open exits and launch the life-rafts. 2. to
force something into motion
to launch
a rocket
lavatory lavatory /lvətri/ noun same as toilet
2
law law /lɔ/ noun 1. a basic principle
describing a relationship observed to be
unchanging between things while particular
conditions are met
the law of
gravity 2. a set of agreed rules
aviation
law
layer layer /leə/ noun 1. one horizontal
part
The lowest layer of the atmosphere
is called the troposphere. 2. a
thickness of something
Layers of fluid
next to the surface over which it is flowing
travels more slowly than layers further
from the surface.
layer cloud layer cloud /leə klaυd/ noun same
as stratus
layout layout /leaυt/ noun the way in which
things are arranged  cockpit layout the
design of the cockpit and the particular
placement of controls, instruments, etc.
LCLC abbreviation load controller
　
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本文鏈接地址：Dictionary of Aviation下(2)