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33. Office of Certification & Airworthiness, Commercial Engine Business, United Technologies
Pratt & Whitney, 400 Main Street, East Hartford, Connecticut 06108, (203) 565-2269.
34. Offshore and Coastal Dispersion Model (OCD), available on the Support Center for
Regulatory Air Models (SCRAM) Bulletin Board System, a component of EPA’s
Technology Transfer Network (TTN).
OCD determines the impact of offshore emissions from point, area, or line sources on the
air quality of coastal regions. The model incorporates overwater plume transport and
dispersion as well as changes that occur as the plume crosses the shoreline.
35. Perry, Steven G. et al., October 1990. User’s Guide to CTDMPLUS: Volume 2. The
Screening Mode (CTSCREEN), EPA/600/8-90/087, available on EPA’s Support Center for
Regulatory Air Models (SCRAM) Bulletin Board System, a component of EPA’s
Technology Transfer Network (TTN).
The user’s guide to the screening mode of the CTDMPLUS.
36. Section 4(f) of the Department of Transportation Act of 1966 (49 U.S.C. 303).
The Secretary shall not approve any program or project which requires the use of any
publicly owned land from a public park, recreation area, or wildlife and waterfowl refuge
of national, State, or local significance as determined by the Federal, State, or local
officials having jurisdiction therof, of any land from a historic site of national, State, or
local significance as so determined by such official unless:
1. there is no feasible and prudent alternative to the use of such land, and
2. such program includes all possible planning to minimize harm to such park,
recreational are, wildlife, and waterfowl refuge, or historic site resulting from such
use.
49 U.S.C. Section 303. Any part of a publicly owned park, recreation are, refuge, or
historic site is presumed to be significant unless a statement of insignificance relative to
the whole park or site has been issued by the Federal, state, or local official having
jurisdiction therof. If there is no physical taking but there is the possibility of constructive
use of section 4 (f) land, then the FAA should determine if the activity associated with the
proposal would substantially interfere with or is compatible with the normal activity
associated with this land. The proposed action would be compatible if it would not affect
the normal activity or aesthetic value of a public park, recreational are, refuge or historic
site. When so construed, the action would not constitute use and would not, therefore,
invoke section 4 (f). See FAA Order 5050.4A, page 36-37.
“Use” of land for purposes of section 4 (f) is to be construed broadly; it is not limited to
the concept to a physical taking, but includes areas that are significantly and adversely
affected by a project. See Department of Transportation Order No. 5610.1A, Para. 9 ( c)
(1), 36 Fed. Reg. 23681 (1971). Activities not located directly on a public park,
recreation area, wildlife or waterfowl refuge, or a historic site are also governed by
Section 4 (f) if they could d create sufficiently serious impacts that would substantially
impair the value of the 4 (f) site in terms of it’s prior significance and enjoyment. This
can be considered constructive use. See 34 C.F.R. Section 771.135 of the Federal
Highway Administration Regulation for guidance.
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37. Taylor, Michael, 1990. Commercial Transport Aircraft.
Provides specifications and technical data for commercial transport aircraft.
38. Taylor, Michael, 1987. Encyclopedia of Modern Military Aircraft.
An illustrated encyclopedia of military aircraft currently in service. Information provided
includes aircraft history, special features, performance data, and versions of each aircraft
type.
39. Tennis, Michael W., July 1992. Impact of Battery-Powered Electric Vehicles on Air Quality
in the Northeast States. Prepared for Northeast States for Coordinated Air Use Management
(NESCAUM).
40. Turner, D. Bruce, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, October 1981. “Workbook of
Atmospheric Dispersion Estimates,” APTI Course 423: Dispersion of Air Pollution - Theory
and Model Application, Selected Readings Packet, EPA 450/2-81-011.
41. U.S. Air Force. Air Force Instruction 32-7061: The Environmental Impact Analysis Process.
This instruction, formerly Air Force Regulation (AFR) 19-2, implements AFPD 32-70
and describes specific tasks and procedures for the EIAP both within the United States
and abroad. This instruction also identifies directives and instructions with further
environmental requirements.
42. U.S. Air Force. Air Force Policy Directive 32-70: Environmental Quality.
This directive establishes the Air Force’s policy in achieving and maintaining
　
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