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1 VOC
Distillate Oil (Diesel) 130.0 42.5 32.0 604.0 141(S) 49.3
Kerosene/Naphtha (Jet Fuel) 102.0 33.5 32.0 469.0 128(S) 32.1
Gasoline (Mogas) 7128.0 11.4 6.2 185.0 123(S) 344.0
Natural Gas
(lb/million cubic feet)
430.0 10.0 10.0 3400.0 840(S) 82.9
LPG (Propane or Butane) 129.0 5.0 5.0 139.0 91(S) 83.0
Residual/Crude Oil 102.0 33.5 30.8 469.0 152(S) 32.1
Table H-2: Uncontrolled Emission Indices For Emergency Generators Powered By
Reciprocating Engines2
1 Note: (S) signifies the fuel sulfur content, expressed as weight percent sulfur, which is multiplied by the
coefficient given to obtain the emission index for SO2.
2 Source: Jagielski, Kurt D., and Robert J. O'Brien, Calculation Methods for Criteria Air Pollutant
Emission Inventories, p. 80 (Reference 23). SO2 emissions calculated by assuming all fuel sulfur is
emitted as SO2.
H-14
H2.3 Incinerators
H2.3.1 Methodology
Pollutant emissions from incinerators are calculated by multiplying the mass of waste burned by
the emission index for each specific pollutant.
Total pollutant emissions from an incinerator may be estimated by applying Equation H-5:
Eti = S [F x UIi x (1 - CF/100)]
Where:
Eti - total emissions of pollutant i, in pounds, from the incinerator for given
time period
F - total mass of waste burned, in tons, for given time period
UIi - uncontrolled emission index for pollutant i, in pounds of pollutant per
ton of waste burned
CF - air pollution control factor (%)
i - pollutant (CO, NOx, SO2, PM-10, HC)
Equation H-5: Pollutant Emissions for Incinerators
H2.3.2 Data Sources
The particular data inputs required for the emissions calculation methodology for each
incinerator are listed in the following paragraphs (2.3.2.1. through 2.3.2.3).
H2.3.2.1 Mass of Waste Burned
Available from the airport operator or base operations section. This should be expressed in terms
of tons of waste burned.
H2.3.2.2 Emission indices
Uncontrolled emission indices based on the type of incinerator are given in Section 2.1.7 of
Volume I of the EPA Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors. Uncontrolled emission
indices for PM, SO2, CO, TOC, and NOx are provided. EPA provides emission indices for two
types of industrial/commercial incinerators likely to be operated at airports: multiple chamber
and single chamber. The type of incinerator design should be obtained from the airport operator
or base operations section.
H2.3.2.3 Air Pollution Control Factor
Emissions from incinerators are sometimes controlled by scrubbers or gas-fired afterburners.
Information on equipment and control efficiency should be obtained from the airport operator or
base operations section. This figure should be expressed as a percent reduction from the
uncontrolled emission level.
H-15
H2.4 Fire Training Facilities
H2.4.1 Methodology
ARFF training facilities are distinguished by the type of fuel burned in the simulations:
approximately one half burns propane, and the other half burns jet fuel, diesel fuel, or gasoline.
The former have been constructed in recent years due in part to concerns over the air emissions
derived from the burning of jet fuel and other fuels. The burning of jet fuel and other fuels tends
to produce a column of smoke (particulate matter) that can extend for miles, whereas emissions
from the burning of propane are much less smoky.
Air pollutants from the burning of training fires at airports include PM, CO, NOx, SO2, and VOC.
Emission indices for these pollutants depend upon the type of fuel burned, and have been
estimated based on measured emissions from the uncontrolled burning of each fuel. Using these
emission indices, total pollutant emissions from a training fire can calculated using the
methodology given here.
The methodology for calculating emissions from training fires at airports is straightforward. The
quantity of jet fuel burned in each fire is determined, and this is multiplied by the emission
indices to calculate the total pollutant emissions to the atmosphere for each fire. Total emissions
from one training fire are calculated using Equation H-6.
Eti = S (QF x EIi)
Where:
Eti - total emissions of pollutant i, in pounds
QF - quantity of fuel burned in training fire (103 gallons)
EIi - emission index (pounds of pollutant i emitted per 103 gallons of fuel
burned)
i - pollutant (PM, CO, SO2, NOx, VOC)
Equation H-6: Total Emissions for Training Fires
H2.4.2 Data Sources
The following information is required to estimate pollutant emissions from training fires: total
fuel consumption per fire and emission indices based on the quantity of fuel burned.
　
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