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proof.
·  completion of a training
program or PPC as per by Parts
IV, VI or VII (i.e. commercial
training)
Air Law 185
·  the issue or renewal of a pilot
permit, licence or rating,
including night, VFR OTT,
instrument, multi-engine,
instructor, landplane or seaplane
ratings. Completing the written
exams counts as well.
A second officer must have acted as
such on an aircraft in the previous 5
years and, if a passenger or trainee is
on board, within the previous 6
months, have acted as second officer
in an aircraft or equivalent simulator
of the same type.
Personal Logs - 421.08
These must be maintained by
applicants for, and holders of, flight
crew permits, licences or ratings to
record experience concerning their
issuance, and recency. Only holders
or persons authorised by them can
make entries.
Aside from your name, personal logs
should also have the date of the
flight, type of aircraft and
registration, crew position, flight
conditions (day, night, VFR, IFR),
places of departure and arrival (for
aeroplanes or helicopters),
intermediate take-offs and landings
(aeroplanes), flight time, methods of
launch and inflation, as applicable.
Flight time is the total time from
when an aircraft first moves under
its own power with the intention of
taking off until it comes to rest after
the flight, so it includes taxi time.
This is what goes in your log book.
Air time, on the other hand, is
between wheels or skids off and
when they touch the Earth again.
This is what goes in the Journey Log.
Flight time may be written down as
PIC (sole manipulator of the
controls), P2 (co-pilot) or dual. An
instructor would log PIC, while a
student would log dual. Where two
licensed pilots are practising
instrument flying, the one not
designated as PIC should log dual.
Where dual controls are fitted,
whoever is the PIC must be decided
before takeoff.
If you lose your log book, an
Affidavit or Statutory Declaration sworn
before a Commissioner of Oaths will
do instead, with evidence, such as
journey log entries. If you can’t
provide it, the experience is only
good for a CPL. You must also
complete all exams and tests
required. The Affidavit must contain
a breakdown of appropriate flying
experience, including:
·  day and night, P1, P2 and dual
·  cross-country by day and night,
P1, P2 and dual
·  approved instrument trainer
time
·  aircraft types and registrations
·  names of employers and dates
of employment
It must also contain an explanation
of how you lost the log and a
statement declaring that all attempts
to reproduce its entries have been
unsuccessful.
A foreign licence holder may be credited
with minimum experience in ICAO
Annex 1 for the licence held.
186 Canadian Private Pilot Studies
VFR OTT Rating -
401.44/421.44
May be issued for aeroplanes or
helicopters, and one counts for the
other. They are not automatically
included on the PPL (A) or (H), and
the CPL (H) and ATPL (H) – they
must be endorsed with the rating
before you can use it.
Knowledge
You must acquire a standard of
knowledge under the Flight Instructor
Standard—VFR OTT.
Experience
At least 15 hours dual instruments,
of which up to 5 may be done on the
ground. Training must be as per the
Flight Instructor Standard—VFR OTT.
Skill
You must reach the level of skill in
the Flight Instructor Standard—VFR
OTT.
Credits
If you hold, or have held, an
instrument rating, you will be issued
a VFR OTT rating upon request.
Credits for DND Applicants
If you hold, or have held, a Canadian
Forces Instrument Rating, you meet
the Knowledge, Experience and Skill
requirements above.
Credits for Foreign Applicants
If you hold, or have held, a foreign
Instrument Rating, you meet the
Knowledge, Experience and Skill
requirements above.
Flight Instructor Ratings—
401.61
Only flight instructors may train
unlicensed pilots.
You must pass the appropriate flight
test, a refresher course (in which
case the rating will be renewed from
its last day), and have at least 300
hours training in the last 24 months,
having recommended at least 80% of
candidates for passes on the first
attempt (the renewal is based on at
　
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