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to perform normally. He managed to climb to VFR by
his magnetic compass, and the rest of the flight was uneventful.
Back on the ground...
■ Upon arrival...I explained the problem to an A & P
[mechanic], and after some trouble-shooting, he removed the
instrument panel cover and found a large wad of mud
adhering to the racks of some of the instruments, the
Directional Gyro included. He said that this was sufficient to
affect the input side of the DG and cause the malfunction.
The mud was put there by a wasp-like insect called a “muddauber.”
The week prior to this flight I had left the side vent
window open. It was during this time the mud nests were
built. When I returned [home], I went around the hangar
and located a number of these nests. I have since disposed of
these, as well as all the insects I could find.
For pilots who must leave their aircraft outside a hangar, we
suggest the following for avoiding visits from six-legged
gremlins: install screen material over any open vents and
windows; and, if possible, periodically remove the
instrument panel cover to check for insect nests, as well as
cocoons, spider webs, and general dust and debris.
Cabin Fever
Although it’s nice to know that passengers are listening to
the emergency procedures briefings, flight crews must
ensure that passengers do not react inappropriately to a
perceived emergency. In the following report, better
communication could have nipped the passengers’
misperceptions in the bud:
■ While parked on the ramp after a lengthy delay, exhaust
smoke from the aircart being used to run our air conditioning
was ingested into the airplane. The flight attendant called to
say that passengers had smelled the exhaust and yelled “fire.”
A passenger next to the overwing exit immediately opened the
exit. I used the PA [system] to reassure the passengers and
request that they not deplane.
Since we now brief passengers in the exit rows to be ready to
open the exits, we must be quick to explain any activity which
A Real
“Bull”
might not be understood [by those passengers].
Load of
Finally, a commuter airline First Officer shares his
“ribbiting” story of some unusual stowaways.
■ While flying... I felt something land on my right foot.
Reaching down with my right hand, I was surprised to feel
something cold and damp, which moved. I looked down and
saw a large bullfrog hop off my foot and behind the rudder
pedals, where it sat looking at me. We landed without
incident, and could no longer see the frog. As the passengers
deplaned, one told me we had a stowaway frog in the cabin.
Later, we found 8 large bullfrogs hiding under the seats. We
never found out where they came from.
Kudos to our reporter for avoiding a panic reaction–a frog in
the cockpit can look (and feel) like a snake.
In our article last month, “The Magic Words,” we
goofed by saying that the words “cleared for...” apply to
taxi instructions.
book instructs controllers not to use the word “cleared”
in conjunction with taxi authorization.
tions “taxi” or “proceed” are the appropriate magic
words for taxiing aircraft.
brought this error to our attention.
We Goofed
The FAA Air Traffic Control Hand-
The instrucThanks
to the readers who
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NASA
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197
Number 198 November/December 1995
CCAALLLLBBAACCKK

 From NASA's Aviation Safety Reporting System�
Serious medical incapacitation of a flight crew member
occurs infrequently.
who have been adversely affected by illness, medication, food
(or its lack), blood donations, hypoxia, and other causes.
The cause of the incapacitation
was a violent seizure which
Flight Crew Incapacitation
Still, ASRS receives reports from pilots
What follows is a sampling of some of the most interesting
and educational reports recently received by ASRS.
Subtle vs. Profound Incapacitation
A textbook example of subtle incapacitation, noticed but not
clearly defined by either the ill Captain or his concerned First
Officer, is the subject of the next report:
■ All preflight duties and initial takeoff normal. During the en
　
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