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this dramatically. I have made a personal promise to
myself…to think twice on “dawn patrol” takeoffs.
Number 207 September 1996
A Monthly Safety Bulletin
from
The Office of the NASA
Aviation Safety Reporting
System,
P.O. Box 189,
Moffett Field, CA
94035-0189
June 1996 Report Intake
Air Carrier Pilots 1650
General Aviation Pilots 666
Controllers 159
Cabin/Mechanics/Military/Other 27
TOTAL 2502
n  Our flight was called upon to contact another air
carrier that was reported lost. We made contact with the
aircraft, and confirmed that they were geographically
disoriented and had less than 20 minutes of fuel
remaining. Through a radio relay with the controlling
agency, the aircraft’s position was determined and a
vector heading was given to the nearest airport.
The modest reporting crew can be credited with
averting a disaster. Here’s the rest of the story
obtained from an ASRS callback conversation to the
reporters: The crew of a foreign air carrier with over
100 passengers on board, became disoriented on the
over-water flight. Since the aircraft was out of radar
and communications range of the foreign ATC Center,
the reporting crew relayed information between the
foreign aircraft and the Center. En route to land, the
errant aircraft did run out of fuel, but had enough
altitude to glide to a landing just short of the airport.
Only minor injuries were reported.
Kudos to the reporting flight crew for a job well done!
ASRS Recently Issued Alerts On...
Gear door hinge failure on a Socata TBM-700
In-flight discharge of a passenger oxygen generator
Recurring ASR-9 radar failures at a Florida TRACON
Cabin smoke from an SA-227's ruptured hydraulic line
False localizer signals on approach to a Mexican airport
As summer drifts into fall, weather patterns become
unsettled in many areas of the country, and unforecast
storms may suddenly appear. Pilots may be required to
deviate well off intended routes, and this in turn may
cause carefully planned fuel reserves to vanish. Add an
additional delay for holding, and a pilot’s options can
become limited, as this commuter Captain reports:
n The forecast for ABC indicated no alternate was
needed. As we approached the area, [we received vectors
for] deviating around thunderstorms. ABC Approach
advised that no one was getting into ABC due to the
thunderstorm activity...[but] hopefully in 15 minutes,
Approach would be able to accommodate arrivals. I told
Approach that we had “Minimum Fuel” and could only
accept a short delay...and needed to land as soon as
conditions improved.
After about 10 minutes, I told the controller that we
needed [a circling approach] for runway 20. As we were
being vectored, the right low fuel warning light
illuminated. On final approach, the controller stated that
visibility was going down rapidly and it would be difficult
to land on runway 20. I told the First Officer to declare
an emergency because we had to land...due to low
visibility [for runway 20], regardless of the tailwind
component... We landed with about 450 lbs. total fuel.
Both the Air Traffic Control Handbook and the AIM
explain that a minimum fuel advisory is just that: an
advisory. It does not indicate an emergency situation or
imply a need for traffic priority. In order to receive traffic
priority, pilots should declare an emergency.
Even when an alternate has been determined, plans may
still have to be changed, creating an additional demand
on fuel supplies. An air carrier crew thought they had
planned for all contingencies, but still were caught short.
n We departed…allowing 3,500 lbs fuel for our alternate
and 2,500 lbs for holding. Upon our arrival at the XYZ
area, a line of thunderstorms had moved directly over the
area, including over XYZ airport. We deviated around the
weather… We decided to divert to ABC instead of our
original alternate, because weather at the original had
deteriorated also. [As we neared ABC], Approach Control
told us to get in line with other aircraft, requiring us to go
about 80 miles around ABC and back through some
storms, and thus leaving us no other options because of
low fuel. The Captain said we were fuel critical. So an
emergency was declared, and we were vectored for the
ILS. We landed with our minimum reserve fuel.
Fuelish Thoughts
for Weather-Wise
Pilots
“Dawn Patrol”
“Hands Across the Water”
intended course and gave us a heading for our destination.
　
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