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about the abrasion –
resistance of the aluminium as
well as the totally different type
of loads makes it nearly impossible
to find a perfect solution for
each transport problem.
9.2.2.2. Factors influencing
the wear
The wear condition can vary
extremely from one load to
another. Therefore it is not
always possible to link the actual
hardness of a work-hardened
alloy to the wear resistance3. It
was found out that for a very
large extent, the type of load is a
decisive factor.
Soft goods like potatoes, fruits,
sugar beets or other agricultural
products are much less abrasive
than mineral goods. In case of
mineral goods like stones, powders,
cement, chalk etc. the size,
form (sharpness) and hardness of
the material is by far the most
critical factor regarding abrasion
(in laboratory tests even the
change of a type of sand
increased the wear by 35%).
3. Abrasive wear of aluminium alloys
rubbed against sand, K. Elleuch,
S. Mezlini, N. Guermazi, Ph. Kapsa,
Wear 261 (2006) 1316–1321
Production of aluminium tipper bodies (Schmitz)
88
ALUMINIUM IN COMMERCIAL VEHICULES CHAPTER VI DESIGN AND CALCULATION 88 | 89
Even the wear debris acts thereby
as an additional source for
abrasion.
Also the number of tipping operations
is to be considered. The more
often the trailer is tilted, the more
often abrasion occurs. The number
of cycles has a linear function
when set into relation to the mass
lost of the aluminium plate.
Very often, tippers are used by
the transport companies for
other products than they are
originally made for and so a reliable
calculation of the lifetime of
an aluminium bottom plate cannot
be determined.
9.2.3. Material selection
The choice of material for the
bottom plate of tipping trailers is
nowadays often a question of
specific experience, material
availabilty and manufacturer´s
specific production methods.
Typical bottom plate material is:
• 5083 H32, H321, H34
• 5086 H24
• 5383 H34
• 5454 H22, H24
• 5456 H34
or other, mill-specific alloy types.
10. References
• EN 1999-1-1 Eurocode 9
Design of aluminium structures,
Part 1-1 General structural rules.
• EN 1999-1-3 Eurocode 9
Design of aluminium structures,
Part 1-3 Structures susceptible to
fatigue.
• EN 1090-3 Execution of steel
structures and aluminium structures,
Part 3 Technical requirements
for aluminium structures
• EN-ISO 10042 Arc-welded joints
in aluminium and its weldable
alloys – Guidance on quality levels
for imperfections.
• BS 8118 Structural use of aluminium,
Part 1 Code of practice
for design.
• ADR: Agreement for the transport
of Dangerous goods by
Road.
• EN 13094 Tanks for the transport
of dangerous goods -
Metallic tanks with a working
pressure not exceeding 0.5 bar -
Design and construction.
• EN 14025 Tanks for the transport
of dangerous goods -
Metallic pressure tanks - Design
and construction.
• EN 14286 Aluminium and aluminium
alloys - weldable rolled
products for tanks for the storage
and transportation of dangerous
goods.
Full aluminium tipper (Menci)
89
EUROPEAN ALUMINIUM ASSOCIATION
90
1. INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
1.1. 5000 series alloys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
1.2. 6000 series alloys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
1.3. 7000 series alloys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
2. FABRICATION OF PRODUCTS FROM PLATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
2.1. Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
2.2. Marking out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
2.3. Cutting to shape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
2.4. Edge rolling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
2.5. Bending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
　
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