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chemical burns, poisoning, and frostbite.
(6) PROTECTION. In accidents involving these materials,
personnel shall use full respiratory protection and
protective clothing.
(7) FIRE HAZARD. Fires involving these materials can
best be handled by diluting the fuel and oxidizer with large
quantities of water.
l. JET FUELS. Jet Propulsion/aviation turbine fuels.
Amber in color.
(1) AVGAS. The flashpoint (by closed cup method at
sea level) of AVGAS is -50°F (-46°C). The rate of flame
spread has been calculated to be between 700 and 800
feet per minute.
(2) JP-4. JP-4 jet fuel is a blend of gasoline and kerosene
and has a flashpoint from -10°F (-23°C). The rate
of flame spread has also been calculated to be between
700 to 800 feet per minute.
(3) JP-5. JP-5 fuel is a kerosene grade with a flashpoint
of 150°F (66°C). The rate of flame spread has been calculated
to be in the order of 100 feet per minute.
(4) JP-8. JP-8 is a kerosene grade with a flashpoint of
115°F (approximately 46°C). The rate of flame spread is
in the order of IOO feet per minute.
The lowest flashpoint considered safe for use aboard
naval vessels is 140°F (60°C).
WARNING
As little as a 2.5 % mixture of JP-4, JP-8, or commercial
equivalents in JP-5 greatly reduce the flashpoint below
140° F. Aircraft that have refueled in flight or ashore from
Air Force, civilian, or Army facilities may contain unsafe
fuel mixtures.
NOTE
As little as a 2.5 % mixture of JP-4 in JP-5 will reduce the
flashpoint by 40°F (5°C). 10% JP-4 reduces the flashpoint
of the mixture by 90°F (32°C).
(5) FIRE HAZARD. Although there are differences in
the properties, it must be emphasized that under aircraft
crash impact conditions where fuel mists (fuel-air mixture)
are created, all of the fuels are easily and readily
ignitable. There is so little difference in the heat of combustion
be-tween the various aircraft hydrocarbon fuels
that the severity after ignition would be of no significance
from the fire safety point of view. The firefighting and control
measures are the same for the entire group of aviation
hydrocarbon fuels. Structural firefighters will only
provide limited protection.
(6) HEALTH HAZARD. Irritates or burns skin and
eyes.Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic
gases. Vapor may cause dizziness or suffocation. Run
off from fire control may cause pollution.
(7) FIRST AID. Remove victim from area and then
get immediate medical attention. Removed contaminated
clothing and wash exposed areas.
(8) RESPIRATORY PROTECTION. Approved SCBA
respiratory protection shall be worn.
(9) AIRCRAFT AND LOCATION. All aircraft throughout
this publication.
m. KAPTON® (POLYIMIDE FILM). A polyimide film
coated with a polyfluorocarbon is an electrical insulation
material. Some uses are wire and cable insulator, radiation
shield and insulation blanket.
(1) HEALTH HAZARD. Heating Kapton polyimide film
above 527° F or from smoking cigarettes contaminated
with fluorocarbon coatings may cause polymer fume fever,
a temporary, flu-like illness of approximately 24 hours
duration with fever, chills and sometimes cough. Exposure
to temperature above 662° F produces trace
amounts of carbonyl fluoride, perfluorisobutylene causing
severe eye, skin and respiratory tract irritation. Inhalation
can cause shortness of breath and other respiratory
effects and symptom may be delayed. Handling
Kapton polyimide films produces static charge.
3-8
TO 00-105E-9
(2) FIRST AID. Move to fresh air. Wash with soap and
water when skin contact is made with burnt debris. If skin
irritation develops or symptons persit contact or consult
a physician.
(3) FIRE. The polyimide film is self-extinguishing.
Kapton chars, but does not burn in air. Extinguish with
foam.
(4) PERSONAL PROTECTION. Wear SCBA and clothing
to protect from hydrogen fluoride which reacts with
water to form hydrofluoric acid. Wear neoprene gloves
when handling refuse from a fire involving fluorocarbon
resins.
n. LITHIUM THIONYL CHLORIDE. A soft, silvery, highly
reactive metallic element, used as a heat transfer medium,
in thermonuclear weapons and in alloys.
(1) HEALTH HAZARD. Serious injury to personnel can
occur if incorrect fire suppression procedures are ignored
such as using Halon.
(2) FIRST AID. Remove victim from area and then
remove all contaminated clothing with protective gloves.
Get immediate medical attention.
(3) RESPIRATORY PROTECTION. Approved respiratory
　
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