e.  
providing opportunities for the trainee to practice (laboratory exercises , projects…);

f.  
reinforcing learning by providing feedback on the trainees’ practice ( enabling objective test, presentation) ;

g.  
assessing the performance of the trainee (mastery test); and

h.  
enhancing retention of what has been learnt so that it can be transferred to other situations ( example of strategy, presentation  and listening of different projects by other trainees..)

A variety of instructional techniques can be used to achieve training objectives including lectures, guided group discussions,  case studies/projects, laboratory exercises, supervised practice, leaderless groups, field visits, e-learning , tutorials,  on-the-job practice, etc. For each training technique there are usually several alternative media for presenting information to the trainees, and these should be selected to suit the training objectives. 

3.5.7 Examples of training
3.5.7.1 Below are examples of different module structures for an initial training course. The modules are sequenced differently depending on the terminal objectives the employing organizations expect the trainees to achieve.
Example 1:
The trainees have undergone ab-initio training and are newly recruited. The employing organization expects trainees to be able to design non RNAV non precision approach procedures. The course consists of six modules. Module 1 addresses the terminal objective derived from competency element 4.1, Module 2 competency element 4.2, Module 3 competency element 4.3, etc.
Example 2:
The trainees have undergone ab-initio training and are newly recruited. The employing organizations expects trainees to be able to design approach procedures based on conventional means and area navigation. The course consists of four modules as follows : 
.
Module 1: design non RNAV non precision approach

.
Six terminal objectives  from  4.1 to 4.6 in the competency framework 

.
Module 2: design RNAV / RNP Procedure

.
5 terminal objectives : 4.7 to 4.11 in the competency framework

.
Module 3: design a ILS  procedure with and without GP

.
three terminal objectives : 4.12 to 4.14 of the competency framework

.
Module 4: design APV Baro VNAV 

.
One terminal objective : 4.19 in the competency framework

In this example, the trainee's employer expects that the procedure designer will be able to design approach procedures based on conventional means or area navigation
As the example above illustrate, the duration of initial training courses will vary.
3.5.7.2 An example of a flight procedure designer training programme is provided in Attachment A to this chapter.

3.6 DEVELOPING MASTERY TESTS
3.6.1 Purpose of mastery tests
　
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