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Adjust gain, tilt and ND range to the flight phase. Refer to FOBN quoted below.
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Pay attention when reading weather on ND with Autotilt. Ground returns could be confused with heavy rains.
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Make the decision to avoid a large thunderstorm at least 40 NM away from the thunderstorm.
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Avoid cells laterally rather than vertically. Severe turbulence may occur above the cell (i.e. turbulence dome) and below the cell (i.e. downdraft/updraft with heavy precipitations).
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Avoid thunderstorms on the upwind side. Hazards (hail, gust front, new cells) develop on the downwind side.
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Avoid all cells with green or stronger (including turbulent areas – magenta) returns by at least 20 NM above FL 230 (10 NM below FL 230). This distance should be increased by 50% if the cell presents a specific shape (see Figure 6-31 to Figure 6-35). Cumulonimbus should be cleared by at least 20 NM laterally and 5000 ft vertically.
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Pay attention to cells with specific shapes (finger, U-shape, hook, scalloped edges, etc) or with fast changing shapes. They usually indicate high turbulence, severe hail or strong vertical drafts.
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PNF: Monitor long-range weather (above 80 NM) for long-term
avoidance strategy. PF: Monitor short-range weather (below 80 NM) for tactical weather avoidance. Refer to Figure 6-36.
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Refer to FOBN “Adverse Weather Operations – Optimum Use of the Weather Radar” (See AIRBUS References) for more recommendations.
6.2.2. WIND SHEAR
. Refer to FOBN “Adverse Weather Operations – Wind Shear Awareness” (See AIRBUS References).
6.2.2.1. FOR THE AIRLINE
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Operate the weather radar with PWS. Wind shears were the root cause of several fatal accidents.
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Develop Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) that emphasize awareness, recognition, avoidance and recovery of wind shears.
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Train your flight crews to recognize and avoid wind shears, and to apply recovery technique. The Wind Shear Training Aid developed by the industry and other materials about wind shears are available at www.ntis.gov.
6.2.2.2. FOR THE FLIGHT CREW
. Report any encountered wind shear to ATC.
Take-off
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Departure briefing: consider most recent weather reports and forecast, visual observations, and crew experience on airport to build up your wind shear awareness.
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Consider a delay of the take-off if wind shears are suspected.
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If wind shears are suspected, adapt the aircraft configuration (minimum required slats/flaps configuration, maximum take-off thrust) to maximize the climb performances.
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