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top flap of the main parachute container
and used to hold the ripcord
cable housing in place and to give
rigidity to the housing. Designed to
provide stiff separation between the
housing and the top cone for an automatic
opener.
HYGROSCOPIC—A substance
or material that absorbs water readily
from its surroundings.
I
INITIAL LAYOUT—Process
in which the canopy is stretched out
on the table with the top center gore
on top in preparation for securing
proper layout.
INSPECTION—A step by step
procedure for examining a parachute
prior to packing to identify any damage
or non-airworthy condition.
INVERSION—State in which the
canopy has been turned completely
inside out. Also see partial inversion.
J
JOINT EFFICIENCY—The
comparison of the strength of the
junction or joining materials against
the original materials.
JUMPING—To engage in a premeditated
parachute jump.
K
KEEPER, HARNESS—
Elastic webbing used to hold harness
straps in place.
KICKER PLATE—A launching
disc which is placed under the pilot
chute.
KILL-LINE
COLLAPSIBLE BRIDLE—
A main pilot chute bridle configuration
whereby the pilot chute is
collapsed by use of a retractable
centerline after it has deployed the
parachute.
KNOT, CLOVE HITCH—A
type of knot used for attaching the
suspension lines of a parachute to the
connector links.
KNOT, OVER HAND—A simple
knot tied in each running end of a
piece of cord above a square knot or
surgeon’s knot to prevent the ends
from slipping back through the knot.
KNOT, SQUARE—A strong
knot for joining two cords or lines,
which does not slip or loosen easily.
G-6
KNOT, SURGEON’S—A type
of knot commonly used for tying
nylon threads or cords in place of a
square knot to prevent mis-tying.
L
L/D—Lift to drag ratio.
LAP PARACHUTE—A parachute
which rests in the lap of the
wearer and attaches to the harness
with risers to snaps and D rings on
the front. Resembles a chest parachute
with long risers. Not in current
use.
LATERAL BAND—Lower (in
the periphery) or upper (in the vent
hem), a reinforcement web.
LAUNCHING DISC—A
kicker plate placed under the pilot
chute.
LEG STRAP—That part of the
harness webbing which encircles the
wearer’s leg. The leg straps can be
adjusted to fit the user.
LIFE CYCLE—Service life. The
time that a parachute may be considered
usable.
LIFT WEB (MAIN)—The portion
of the harness from the shoulder to
the hip area. Generally from the canopy
releases to the leg strap junction.
LIFT WEBS—The front portion
of the harness from the shoulder to
the leg strap junction. Includes the
risers if there are no riser releases.
LIFT—The force perpendicular to
drag which helps reduce vertical
descent.
LINE EXTENSION—When
the lines are fully deployed. Prior to
line stretch.
LINE SEPARATOR—A tool
used to separate and hold the lines of
a round parachute during the packing
process.
LINE STOWING—The process
of drawing the suspension lines into
suspension line retaining loops in the
parachute pack; accomplished to prevent
entanglement or twisting of the
lines during opening of the parachute.
Stows may be held by retaining loops
or rubber bands.
LINE STRETCH—Occurs during
deployment, after the lines are
fully extended. Follows snatch force
and line extension.
LINE, GUIDE OR CONTROL—
One or more parachute
lines that run from a slot or orifice in
a steerable canopy to the harness providing
better steerability.
LINE, STATIC—A line, cable,
or webbing, one end of which is fastened
to the pack, the other to some
part of the launching vehicle; used to
open a pack or to deploy a canopy.
LINE-OVER—A type of deployment
malfunction. It occurs when one
or more suspension lines pass over
the top of the canopy during deployment
preventing complete, normal
inflation. Not to be confused with
“partial inversions.”
LINES, SUSPENSION—Cords
or webbing of silk, nylon, cotton,
rayon, or other textile materials
which connect the drag surface of the
parachute to the harness. They are the
means by which the wearer or weight
is hung or suspended from the
　
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