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vegetables due to poor tolerance of these commodities. Phosphine is
effective against most wood, cotton, tobacco, and grain insects in all
stages of development. Phosphine leaves little or no residue. Baking
and brewing qualities of treated commodities are unaffected.
Leak Detection—Gas Analysis
Phosphine levels can be detected using either detector tubes or any
electronic instrument such as the “Porta-Sens” detector. (See
Equipment Section for instructions on how to use the Porta-Sens.)
This equipment is used for determining both the high (fumigation
concentration) and low (personnel safety) levels of PH. Halide or any
flame detectors are not to be used for PH. T/C units (e.g., Gow-Mac or
fumiscope) cannot be used for this fumigant.
PH is poisonous to man and animals. The threshold limit value for an
8-hour per day exposure is 0.3 ppm. The maximum concentration for
a single exposure for animals should not exceed 50 ppm.
Dosage
The dosage rate is usually measured in grams (g) per 1,000 cubic feet
or grams per cubic meter and varies with the commodity, treatment
temperature, and type of enclosure. However, some schedules may be
Chemical Treatments Fumigants • Phosphine • Tarpaulin (NAP Chamber or Container)
Safety Precautions
10/2002-04 Treatment Manual 2-10-3
PPQ
based on the weight of grain. Schedules for use against specific pests
by commodity are listed in the Domestic Program Manuals or in this
manual.
Always follow manufacturer’s instructions on the number of pellets,
tablets, bags, prepacs, or plates to be placed at one spot. (See
Table 2-10-1: Amount of Phosphine Liberated by Various Products.)
Safety Precautions
Storage and Handling
Although PH is flammable and may ignite when exposed to excessive
moisture, the commercial precautions of AP and MP are considered
fire-safe and explosion-safe when used in accordance with the
TABLE 2-10-1: Amount of Phosphine Liberated by Various Products
Calculate amount of product needed by using the amount of phosphine released as shown in the
right column.
Product Type
Unit and weight
in grams
Grams of
phosphine*
Degesch Fumi-Cel1 MP 1 plate; 117.0 33.0
Degesch Fumi-Strip1 MP 16 plates; 1872.0 528.0
Degesch Phostoxin1 AP 1 tablet; 3.0 1.0
Degesch Phostoxin1 Tablet Prepac Rope AP 1 prepac; 99.0 (strip
or rope of 33 tablets)
33.0
Detia AP 1 tablet; 3.0 1.0
Detia Rotox AP AP 1 pellet; 0.6 0.2
Detia Gas EX-B AP 1 bag or sachet;
34.0
11.4
Fumiphos tablets AP 1 tablet; 3.0 1.0
Fumiphos pellets AP 1 pellet; 0.6 0.2
Fumiphos bags AP 1 bag; 34.0 11.0
Fumitoxin AP 1 tablet; 3.0 1.0
Fumitoxin AP 1 pellet; 0.6 0.2
Fumitoxin AP 1 bag; 34.0 11.0
Gastoxin AP 1 tablet; 3.0 1.0
Gastoxin AP 1 pellet; 0.6 0.2
“L” Fume AP
AP
1 pellet; 0.5
1 pellet; 0.6
0.18
0.22
Phos-Kill AP 1 tablet; 3.0 1.1
Phos-Kill AP 1 pellet; 0.6 0.22
Phos-Kill AP 1 bag; 34.0 12.0
Chemical Treatments Fumigants • Phosphine • Tarpaulin (NAP Chamber or Container)
Respiratory Protection
2-10-4 Treatment Manual 10/2002-04
PPQ
manufacturer’s instruction. No more than ten pellets of Phostoxin
should be placed in a single envelope which is supplied by the
manufacturer. A Fumi-Cel plate should not contact another or the
commodity.
Protective Clothing
No protective clothing is necessary when handling prepacs or strips.
Use dry cloth gloves when handling tablets, pellets, or dust. Be sure to
aerate gloves and contaminated clothing in well-ventilated area prior
to laundering. Particularly useful are surgical or disposable thin
rubber or polyethylene gloves. Wash hands thoroughly after each use.
Containers of AP and MP should be stored in a cool, dry, locked,
ventilated protected area not subject to extremes of temperature.
Water must never be allowed to come in contact with AP or MP. Shelf
life of unopened containers is virtually unlimited. When a tube or
container is first opened, the odor of PH (garlic) and ammonia will be
noticeable and a blue flame sometimes occurs. However, the quantity
of free PH present within that container should not be considered
dangerous.
Respiratory Protection
Use of SCBA (Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus)
The slow evolution of PH from the AP or MP enables the operator to
dispense the tablets, pellets, packets, or plates, or pre-pack ropes
safely, usually without the need for wearing an SCBA. However, an
SCBA unit must be available at all times. The individual opening the
chamber or container doors, or initially raising the tarpaulin following
　
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