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? Initial training courses for the achievement
of a student air traffic controller license
? Refresher training courses for experienced air traffic controllers
? Air traffic controller training in the handling of unusual and emergency conditions
? Aviation English assessment and training in accordance with ICAO 9835
Initial training courses are designed to fulfill the requirements for the achievement of a Student Air Traffic Controller License in accordance with ICAO and European regulations, which are based on “EUROCONTROL Guidelines for ATCO Common Core Content Initial Training, Edition 2.0.”
All Practical, Rating, and Advanced training programs incorporate visually realistic, state-of-the-art ATC training simulation in classroom, radar, and aerodrome environments.
 
Specialized Facilities
To provide the most realistic training environment, the Academy is equipped with advanced ATC Radar (en-route) and 180 to 270 degree tower (Aerodrome) simulators. The curriculum also incorporates the Academy’s commercial, full flight simulators such as Boeing 737 and 767 to provide the student / controller with practical ATC, flight operations experience. The Academy’s multi-million dollar training simulators utilize state-of-the-art
technology to produce real time training and learning environments that reduce the time needed for practical, on-the-job training.
The Academy uses these radar, non-radar, aerodrome control, and full flight simulators to enhance all aspects of Air Traffic Control training, and is able to create integrated training scenarios combining multiple types of simulation into a single training scenario. These programs are further enhanced by the correct use of aviation terms and phraseology in accordance with the minimum acceptable level (Level 4) of Aviation English competency as defined under ICAO 9835.
 
Airspace infringements:
a growing concern
Julian Moxon talks to EUR0C0NTR0L's Airspace Infringement Co-ordinator, Alexander Krastev, to discover what is being done to ensure that aircraft fl y in the space allotted to them
 
Unauthorised penetration of controlled airspace has become a growing cause for concern as European skies are getting increasingly crowded. General Aviation (GA), in particular, is being targeted as the number of infringe¬ments has gone up.
In response, EUR0C0NTR0L has prepared a comprehensive European Action Plan for Airspace Infringement Risk Reduction to combat what it defines as "flights into noti¬fied airspace without previously requesting and obtaining approval from the designated controlling authority of that airspace".
The Stakeholders Consultation Group (SCG) submitted the Action Plan to
EUR0C0NTR0L's Provisional Council for endorsement which is expected to be given in early 2009.
Implementing the Plan will not be straightforward. It will require national Air Traffic Management (ATM) authorities to agree with their relevant service providers and airspace users on the most appropri¬ate actions that need to be taken in their airspace. Specifically, this needs to take into account the level of severity of the infringement risk. According to Alexan¬der Krastev, Co-ordinator of the Airspace Infringement Initiative, "this could lead to a review of airspace structures, based on usage, with a view to optimising it". But he points out that in Terminal Manoeuvr¬ ing Areas (TMAs), for example, this might not always be easy. "Simplifying TMA design is not always possible. You have to carry out a very careful study of potential areas of simplification and ensure that the change will bring an actual benefit to GA."
Airspace infringement was identified as a "key risk demanding dedicated action" in the European Commission's General and Business Aviation Forum on the Approach to the Safety of General Aviation, held in April 2008. Since 2001, the number of reported incidents increased from around 700 to more than 1,600, with a 30 per cent increase recorded in 2005 alone. "The percentage of incidents with a significant¬to-serious safety impact has remained
　
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本文鏈接地址：EUROCONTROL EBAA IAOPA Yearbook 2009: The Business of Flying(31)