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? Providing effective tools to escape the shear through ALPHA FLOOR protection, SRS pitch order, high AOA protection and Ground Speed (GS) mini protection.
Increasing Flight Crew Awareness
When the airshaft of a microburst reaches the ground, it mushrooms outward, carrying with it a large number of falling rain droplets. The radar can measure the speed variations of the droplets, and as a result, assess wind variations. This predictive capability to assess wind variations is performed by the Predictive Windshear System (PWS). The PWS operates
automatically below 2 300 ft AGL, regardless of whether the radar is turned on or off.
Informing the Flight Crew
The FPV associated with the approach speed variations (GS mini protection) is an effective means for informing the flight crew of unexpected air mass variations:
Approach speed variations and lateral FPV displacement reflect horizontal wind gradient. Vertical FPV displacement reflects the vertical air mass movement.
bird and target speed - wind interpretation
 
Warning the Flight Crew
The "SPEED, SPEED, SPEED" low energy warning is based on the aircraft speed, acceleration and flight path angle. This warning attracts the PF’s eyes to the speed scale,
and requests rapid thrust adjustment. In windshear conditions, it is the first warning to appear, before the activation of the alpha floor protection. The following table provides some typical
values of the speed at which the warning could occur in two different circumstances.
 
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
ADVERSE WEATHER
 
Deceleration Rate Flight Path Angle Warning
-1 kt/second -3 ° VLS -7 kt
-1 kt/second -4 ° VLS -1 kt

In addition, the aircraft has a reactive windshear warning system. This system triggers if the aircraft encounters windshear. In such a case, there is a "WINDSHEAR WINDSHEAR WINDSHEAR" aural warning.
Providing Effective Tools
There are three effective tools to assist the flight crew to escape:
? The alpha floor protection
? The SRS AP/FD pitch law
? The high angle-of-attack protection.
When the alpha floor protection is triggered, the A/THR triggers TOGA on all engines. The FMA displays A FLOOR, that changes to TOGA LK, when the aircraft angle-of-attack has decreased. TOGA/LK can only be deselected by turning the A/THR off.
The SRS pitch mode ensures the best aircraft climb performance. Therefore, the procedure requests following the SRS pitch bar and possibly full aft stick, in order to follow the SRS orders and minimize the loss of height.
The high angle-of-attack protection enables the PF to safely pull full aft stick, if needed, in order to follow the SRS pitch order, or to rapidly counteract a down movement. This provides maximum lift and minimum drag, by automatically retracting the speed brakes, if they are extended.
　
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本文鏈接地址：A330/A340 機組訓(xùn)練手冊 FCTM Flight Crew Training Manual 2(60)